Occurrence and persistence of organic emerging contaminants and priority pollutants in five sewage treatment plants of Spain: Two years pilot survey monitoring

Bueno, María Jesús Martínez; Gómez, María José; Herrera, Sonia; Hernando, M.D.; Agüera, Ana; Fernández‐Alba, Amadeo R.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2012.01.038

Cited by 399 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Several monitoring studies have reported the presence of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters (Al-Rifai et al, 2007;Brown et al, 2006;Bueno et al, 2012;Gracia-Lor et al, 2011;Gros et al, 2006;Pedrouzo et al, 2011) and surface waters (Daneshvar et al, 2010;González Alonso et al, 2010;Kolpin et al, 2002;Martín et al, 2011;Spongberg et al, 2011;Vystavna et al, 2012). Nevertheless, few data is available on the contribution of hospital effluents towards the load of pharmaceuticals in WWTPs (Beier et al, 2011;Langford and Thomas, 2009;Ort et al, 2010;Thomas et al, 2007;Verlicchi et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of hospital effluents to the load of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters: Identification of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals

Santos

Gros²,

Rodríguez-Mozaz³

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

527

216

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The impact of effluent wastewaters from four different hospitals: a university (1456 beds), a general (350 beds), a pediatric (110 beds) and a maternity hospital (96 beds), which are conveyed to the same wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), was evaluated in the receiving urban wastewaters. The occurrence of 78 pharma-ceuticals belonging to several therapeutic classes was assessed in hospital effluents and WWTP wastewaters (influent and effluent) as well as the contribution of each hospital in WWTP influent in terms of pharmaceu-tical load. Results indicate that pharmaceuticals are widespread pollutants in both hospital and urban waste-waters. The contribution of hospitals to the input of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters widely varies, according to their dimension. The estimated total mass loadings were 306 g d − 1 for the university hospital, 155 g d − 1 for the general one, 14 g d −1 for the pediatric hospital and 1.5 g d − 1 for the maternity hospital, showing that the biggest hospitals have a greater contribution to the total mass load of pharmaceuticals. Fur-thermore, analysis of individual contributions of each therapeutic group showed that NSAIDs, analgesics and antibiotics are among the groups with the highest inputs. Removal efficiency can go from over 90% for pharmaceuticals like acetaminophen and ibuprofen to not removal for β-blockers and salbutamol. Total mass load of pharmaceuticals into receiving surface waters was estimated between 5 and 14 g/d/1000 inhabitants. Finally, the environmental risk posed by pharmaceuticals detected in hospital and WWTP effluents was assessed by means of hazard quotients toward different trophic levels (algae, daphnids and fish). Several pharmaceuticals present in the different matrices were identified as potentially hazardous to aquatic organ-isms, showing that especial attention should be paid to antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, sulfameth-oxazole, azithromycin and clarithromycin, since their hazard quotients in WWTP effluent revealed that they could pose an ecotoxicological risk to algae.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of hospital effluents to the load of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters: Identification of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals

Santos

Gros²,

Rodríguez-Mozaz³

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

527

216

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“…Endocrine disruption in the aquatic environment was first reported by Dodds et al (1938) and the impact of organic micropollutants and heavy metals have been known for number of years (Bedding et al 1982;Lester et al 1980) and have been the subject of legislation for an extensive period in the UK (Bedding et al 1983;Lester, 1983). However, there has been a need within the EU to update and harmonize existing legislation (EC, 2000(EC, , 2008(EC, , 2012 including regulations to control of the introduction of more recently recognized hazardous chemicals (Behera et al 2009;Gabriel et al 2012;González et al 2012;Martínez Bueno et al 2012;Martin Ruel et al 2012;Rodil et al 2012). European Union Directives including the Water Framework Directive (WFD) (EC, 2000) and the Priority Substances Daughter Directive (EC, 2008) have defined Environmental Quality Standards (EQSs) for substances that hitherto have not been subject to detailed scrutiny and control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of hazardous chemicals in wastewater treatment works effluents

Gardner

Comber

Scrimshaw

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

124

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The advent of increasingly stringent and wider ranging European Union legislation relating to water and the environment has required regulators to assess compliance risk and to respond by formulating appropriate pollution control measures. To support this process the UK Water Industry has completed a national Chemicals Investigation Programme (CIP), to monitor over 160 wastewater treatment works (WwTWs) for 70 determinands. Final effluent concentrations of zinc, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene), "penta" congeners (BDEs) 47 and 99, tributyltin, triclosan, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, ibuprofen, propranolol, fluoxetine, diclofenac, 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinyl estradiol exceeded existing or proposed Environmental Quality Standards (EQSs) in over 50% of WwTWs. Dilution by receiving water might ensure compliance with EQSs for these chemicals, apart from the BDEs. However, in some cases there will be insufficient dilution to ensure compliance and additional management options may be required.

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“…However, application of wastewater in agriculture may pose potential risks to the environment, as wastewater treatment plants have a limited capacity to remove organic chemicals (Bueno et al 2012). Moreover, the application of sludge or fertilisers on agricultural soils represents another source of organic contamination in soils (Vácha et al 2005(Vácha et al , 2006.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mobility of ibuprofen, a persistent active drug, in soils irrigated with reclaimed water

González-Naranjo¹,

Boltes²,

Biel³

2013

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Ibuprofen is not completely removed in wastewater treatment plants, and consequently, it may enter the soil through irrigation with reclaimed water. Subsequently, due to the reversible adsorption which takes place in the soil, this emerging pollutant can become bioavailable for plants. The adsorption reversibility of this anti-inflammatory compound on four agricultural soils was quantified with adsorption-desorption experiments. The adsorption was found to be almost linear, with a minimum n ads of 0.76 and a maximum of 1.08. In contrast, desorption was nonlinear, with a n des which ranged from 0.84 to 2.75. The hysteresis index values were low, ranging from 0.42 to 0.66; hence the process takes place reversibly. In addition, ibuprofen was found to be moderately fixed in the soils studied, with organic carbon distribution coefficient (K OC ) values which ranged between 139.75 and 238.17 L/kg. Therefore, we conclude that this pollutant could be bioavailable for soil microorganisms or plants exposed to it and may reach groundwater by leaching.

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Occurrence and persistence of organic emerging contaminants and priority pollutants in five sewage treatment plants of Spain: Two years pilot survey monitoring

Cited by 399 publications

References 31 publications

Contribution of hospital effluents to the load of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters: Identification of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals

Contribution of hospital effluents to the load of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters: Identification of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals

The significance of hazardous chemicals in wastewater treatment works effluents

Mobility of ibuprofen, a persistent active drug, in soils irrigated with reclaimed water

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