Occurrence and molecular characterization of Actinidia virus C (AcVC), a novel vitivirus infecting kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) in China

Abstract

Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is an economically important fruit crop in the world. China is the largest producer of kiwifruit in terms of both acreage and yield. In this study, a novel virus, tentatively named Actinidia virus C (AcVC), was discovered in Actinidia deliciosa ‘Xuxiang’ grown in commercial kiwifruit fields in the Shaanxi province, a major kiwifruit‐growing region in China. Sequencing of the complete genome showed that AcVC has 7,668 nucleotides (not including the poly‐(A) sequence). Complete genome comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed that AcVC is most closely related to AcVA and then to AcVB. AcVC shares 69.2% nucleotide identity with AcVA (GenBank accession number ). Based on these data, Actinidia virus C is assigned as a new tentative member of the genus Vitivirus in the family Betaflexiviridae. AcVC was found to infect A. deliciosa and A. chinesis, the two major cultivated kiwifruits. Infection frequency of AcVC varied with the kiwifruit‐growing regions and cultivars in the Shaanxi province of China.

A novel Actinidia cytorhabdovirus characterized using genomic and viral protein interaction features

“…Betaflexiviridae (Blouin et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2020) have been identified from kiwifruit by HTS technologies. In the present study, we characterized a novel virus, AcVD, from kiwifruit at the molecular level using HTS combined with conventional Sanger sequencing.…”

Next-Generation Sequencing Combined With Conventional Sanger Sequencing Reveals High Molecular Diversity in Actinidia Virus 1 Populations From Kiwifruit Grown in China

“…NGS combined with bioinformatics analysis has become a routine technology for the rapid discovery and characterization of known or novel plant viruses ( Adams et al, 2009 ; Kreuze et al, 2009 ; Barba et al, 2014 ; Wu Q. et al, 2015 ; Hadidi et al, 2016 ; Cretazzo and Velasco, 2017 ; Villamor et al, 2019 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ). NGS-based metagenomic analyses have revealed the natural biodiversity of plant viruses ( Roossinck, 2011 ; Roossinck et al, 2015 ).…”

“…is an economically important fruit crop cultivated worldwide. Since the first report of apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) ( Clover et al, 2003 ) naturally infecting kiwifruit, currently at least 19 viruses infecting kiwifruit have been reported ( Pearson et al, 2011 ; Chavan et al, 2012 , 2013 ; Blouin et al, 2013 , 2018 ; Wang et al, 2016 , 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2017 ; Veerakone et al, 2018 ; Wang D. et al, 2018 ; Wang Y. et al, 2018 ; Zhao et al, 2019 , 2020 ). Among these viruses, Actinidia virus 1 (AcV-1), a tentative member of the family Closteroviridae, was first characterized from Actinidia chinensis in New Zealand ( Blouin et al, 2018 ).…”

Data_Sheet_1.docx

“…NGS combined with bioinformatics analysis has become a routine technology for the rapid discovery and characterization of known or novel plant viruses (Adams et al, 2009;Kreuze et al, 2009;Barba et al, 2014;Wu Q. et al, 2015;Hadidi et al, 2016;Cretazzo and Velasco, 2017;Villamor et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). NGS-based metagenomic analyses have revealed the natural biodiversity of plant viruses (Roossinck, 2011;Roossinck et al, 2015).…”

“…is an economically important fruit crop cultivated worldwide. Since the first report of apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) (Clover et al, 2003) naturally infecting kiwifruit, currently at least 19 viruses infecting kiwifruit have been reported (Pearson et al, 2011;Chavan et al, 2012Chavan et al, , 2013Blouin et al, 2013Blouin et al, , 2018Wang et al, 2016Wang et al, , 2020Zheng et al, 2017;Veerakone et al, 2018;Wang D. et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2019Zhao et al, , 2020. Among these viruses, Actinidia virus 1 (AcV-1), a tentative member of the family Closteroviridae, was first characterized from Actinidia chinensis in New Zealand (Blouin et al, 2018).…”