Occurrence and light response of residual plastid genes in a Euglena gracilis bleached mutant strain OflB2

Qin, Huan; Guo, Qingqing; Liu, Chenchen; Li, Fenglan; Zhang, Hua; Chu, Zihan; Wang, Jiangxin; Lei, Anping

doi:10.1007/s00343-019-9159-9

Cited by 2 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, the loss of many chloroplast genes in B2 ( Qin et al, 2020 ) seemed to not affect the integrity of the encoded proteins in the photosynthesis systems. The results of the KEGG photosynthesis pathway for photosynthetic electron transport (including PSI, PSII, cytochrome b6f (Cyt b6f ), and ATP synthase), showed the proteins relevant to their expressed genes and pathways ( Figures 6 , 7 ; Table 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, the chloroplast is dispensable for E. gracilis and is easily abandoned under various abiotic conditions such as antibiotics, heat, ultraviolet light, and so on ( Gibor and Granick, 1962 ). The green E. gracilis cells, that grow in the dark for an estimated two weeks, can be turned temporarily colorless ( Qin et al, 2020 ). It seems that the existence of chloroplasts in E. gracilis cells are wasteful in the absence of light and light is the crucial regulating factor for their chloroplast development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It lost most of the photosynthetic genes with dormant plastids ( Gockel and Hachtel, 2000 ). B2 still has residual chloroplasts and absences many genes in plastid genomes but not all of them ( Qin et al, 2020 ). Those residual plastids can be observed under transmission electron microscopy ( Kivic and Vesk, 1974 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The E. gracilis Z strain (WT) and E. gracilis Oflaxocin bleached mutant strain (B2) were grown in EM medium with 1% ethanol under dark, which, for preparation,was inoculated into the refresh medium every 10 days for approximately 7 months. The WT was purchased from CCAP (Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa, United Kingdom), and the acquisition of B2 has followed the protocol as described in Qin et al (2020) . For the light treatments, both WT and B2 cells were exposed to a light intensity of approximately 50 μmol photons·m −2 ·s −1 in an illuminating incubator at 25°C without shaking.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study, five bleached mutants of E. gracilis treated with ofloxacin were obtained and 12 residual plastid genes of the total chloroplast genome were investigated in both WT and bleached mutants. One of the bleached mutants named B2 lost the ability to accumulate chlorophyll, which was due to many genes of chloroplasts being undetected at the genomic and transcriptional levels, such as psbE and psbK ( Qin et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteomic Responses of Dark-Adapted Euglena gracilis and Bleached Mutant Against Light Stimuli

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Euglena gracilis (E. gracilis) has secondary endosymbiotic chloroplasts derived from ancient green algae. Its chloroplasts are easily lost under numerous conditions to become permanently bleached mutants. Green cells adapted in the dark contain undeveloped proplastids and they will develop into mature chloroplasts after 3 days of light exposure. Thus, E. gracilis is an ideal model species for a chloroplast development study. Previous studies about chloroplast development in E. gracilis focused on morphology and physiology, whereas few studies have addressed the regulatory processes induced by light in the proteome. In this study, the whole-genome proteome of dark-adapted E. gracilis (WT) and permanently ofloxacin-bleached mutant (B2) was compared under the light exposure after 0, 12, and 72 h. The results showed that the photosynthesis-related proteins were up-regulated over time in both WT and B2. The B2 strain, with losing functional chloroplasts, seemed to possess a complete photosynthetic function system. Both WT and B2 exhibited significant light responses with similar alternation patterns, suggesting the sensitive responses to light in proteomic levels. The main metabolic activities for the utilization of carbon and energy in WT were up-regulated, while the proteins with calcium ion binding, cell cycle, and non-photosynthetic carbon fixation were down-regulated in B2. This study confirmed light-induced chloroplast development in WT from dark, and also for the first time investigates the light responses of a bleached mutant B2, providing more information about the unknown functions of residual plastids in Euglena bleached mutants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteomic Responses of Dark-Adapted Euglena gracilis and Bleached Mutant Against Light Stimuli

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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A chromosome-level genome assembly for the paramylon-producing microalga Euglena gracilis

Chen,

Dong,

Duan

et al. 2024

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Euglena gracilis (E. gracilis), pivotal in the study of photosynthesis, endosymbiosis, and chloroplast development, is also an industrial microalga for paramylon production. Despite its importance, E. gracilis genome exploration faces challenges due to its intricate nature. In this study, we achieved a chromosome-level de novo assembly (2.37 Gb) using Illumina, PacBio, Bionano, and Hi-C data. The assembly exhibited a contig N50 of 619 Kb and scaffold N50 of 1.12 Mb, indicating superior continuity. Approximately 99.83% of the genome was anchored to 46 chromosomes, revealing structural insights. Repetitive elements constituted 58.84% of the sequences. Functional annotations were assigned to 39,362 proteins, enhancing interpretative power. BUSCO analysis confirmed assembly completeness at 80.39%. This first high-quality E. gracilis genome offers insights for genetics and genomics studies, overcoming previous limitations. The impact extends to academic and industrial research, providing a foundational resource.

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Occurrence and light response of residual plastid genes in a Euglena gracilis bleached mutant strain OflB2

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Proteomic Responses of Dark-Adapted Euglena gracilis and Bleached Mutant Against Light Stimuli

Proteomic Responses of Dark-Adapted Euglena gracilis and Bleached Mutant Against Light Stimuli

A chromosome-level genome assembly for the paramylon-producing microalga Euglena gracilis

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