Occurrence and human dietary assessment of fluoroquinolones antibiotics in cultured fish around Tai Lake, China

Abstract

Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are widely used in the production of aquatic products and considered to be a significant contributing factor to the burden of both natural and aquaculture environments. However, the main types of fluoroquinolones present in aquaculture systems have not been determined. The objectives of the present study were to explore the occurrence of residual fluoroquinolone antibiotics in fish muscle tissues sampled from across the entire aquaculture season in the Tai Lake basin in China and to assess the dietary risks associated with the upcoming vendible fish in the last month of the aquaculture season. Fluoroquinolones were detected in 95.69% of all fish samples, and the concentrations ranged from the limit of quantification (LOQ) to 47 108.00 μg · kg . Enrofloxacin contributed the most among the 9 fluoroquinolone antibiotics tested. Of the 4 fish species studied, enrofloxacin was present in bream at significant (p < 0.05) concentrations in August, with an average value of 321.45 μg · kg , while enrofloxacin concentrations peaked in crab and shrimp in September, with average values of 6949.60 and 460.82 μg · kg , respectively. However, different patterns were observed in perch, suggesting that other categories of antibiotics may be used in the production of this fish. Dietary risk assessment showed that the residual levels and estimated daily intake in bream, perch, and shrimp were far below the maximum residual level and acceptable daily intake. However, the average residual level in crab exceeded the maximum residual level, and the estimated daily intake value accounted for 78.49% of the acceptable daily intake, indicating potential consumption risk. In summary, the present study aims to guide the production and consumption of aquatic products. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2899-2905. © 2017 SETAC.

Effects of Antioxidant Supplements on the Survival and Differentiation of Stem Cells

“…Neural stem cells are multipotent stem cells that have been suggested as a therapeutic agent to enhance the recovery of injured tissues in neuroinflammatory diseases [44]. Park and colleagues tested the effects of GV1001, a novel antioxidant agent, derived from human telomerase reverse transcriptase, on in vitro-cultured mouse NSCs.…”

Antibiotics and Food Safety in Aquaculture

“…(a) Residues of QNs and SAs in muscle and liver of marine aquaculture products of Guangdong Province, South China. , Lipid content of muscle and liver (because each individual has a different lipid content, here are just Takifugu flavidus and Pampus cinereus as examples). , (b) Comparison of ∑QNs (enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin) and SAs (sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethazine, and sulfadimidine). ,,,,,,,,,, (c) Mean concentration of oxytetracycline (top antibiotic in aquaculture) from China, South Korea, U.S.A., Argentina, and Brazil. ,− …”

“…Previous studies reported that half the amount of antibiotics produced in China, the world’s largest producer and user of antibiotics, ended up in animal feed in recent years, meaning that approximately 105 000 tonnes was used for animal consumption . Antibiotics via oral administration, bath, pond sprinkle, and injection can prevent and treat aquaculture diseases, and some of them are even used as growth promoters. − However, antibiotics also cause stresses on the aquatic environment . Numerous studies have investigated the residues of antibiotics in water bodies and sediments and confirmed the antibiotic contamination. − …”

“…The studies on antibiotic residues in aquatic products are relatively limited in comparison to the studies about the residues in the aquaculture environment or antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic residues in cultured aquatic products can pose potential risks to humans, including allergy, toxicity, and antibiotic resistance. , The impacts of antibiotic resistance on aquatic organisms and humans are difficult to eliminate. Thus, the collection of resistant genes in aquaculture is a significant topic around the world, while the dietary risk is also a main concern.…”

“…2−4 However, antibiotics also cause stresses on the aquatic environment. 5 Numerous studies have investigated the residues of antibiotics in water bodies and sediments and confirmed the antibiotic contamination. 6−9 Large-scale usage of antibiotics is bound to give rise to residues in cultured aquatic products.…”