Occurrence and Fate of Heavy Metals in Municipal Wastewater in Heilongjiang Province, China: A Monthly Reconnaissance from 2015 to 2017

Du, Peng; Zhang, Lingrong; Ma, Yuntao; Li, Xinyue; Li, Xiqing; Mao, Kang; Wang, Na; Li, Ying; He, Jia; Zhang, Xuan; Hao, Fang; Liu, Maodian; Wang, Xuejun

doi:10.3390/w12030728

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…For Cd, Fatoki et al [86] and Awofolu et al [87] had results similar to those obtained in the present study from the Umtata and Tyume Rivers in the same province, respectively. ENVIRODAT [88] and Du et al [5] also documented Cd ranging from <1 × 10 −4 to 0.112 mg L −1 in Alberta surface water; from 7.0 × 10 −3 to 7.8 × 10 −2 mg•L −1 in the raw influent and from <DL to 5.6 × 10 −2 mg L −1 in the effluent of municipal wastewater in Heilongjiang Province, China. However, lower concentrations of Cd were obtained in other river systems receiving wastewater effluents in Cape Town, South Africa (9 × 10 −5 to 1.48 × 10 −2 mg L −1 ) (Olujimi et al, [36].…”

Section: Levels Of Heavy Metals In the Wastewater And River Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metals in Wastewater and Sewage Sludge from Selected Municipal Treatment Plants in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Agoro

Adeniji

Adefisoye

et al. 2020

Water

186

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This study assessed the distribution of five heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Fe) across the various stages of treatment in three selected sewage treatment facilities and their receiving waterbodies in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Aqueous and solid (sludge) samples were collected monthly from September 2015 to February 2016. Quantitation was achieved by atomic absorption spectrometry after necessary sample preparations. Concentrations of heavy metal cations in the sludge generally varied from <DL (below detection limit) to 1.17 mg kg−1, <DL to 0.14 mg kg−1, 27.588 to 69.789 mg kg−1, and <DL to 0.099 mg kg−1 for Cu, Cd, Fe and Pb; while Zn was below detection all through. Similarly, the levels of Cu, Cd, and Fe in the influents, effluents, upstream and downstream across the three plants ranged from <DL–6.588 mg L−1, <DL–0.636 mg L−1, <DL–0.878 mg L−1 and <DL–0.711 mg L−1, respectively; Zn and Pb were less than DL in all the matrices and study locations. All the contaminants were below hazardous levels in all the sludge and aqueous samples except Cd which was higher in effluents and surface waters across the board. Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP)-A exhibited better removal capacity for Fe (86.6%), compared to WWTP-B (34.7%) and WWTP-C (56.9%). However, the removal of Cu and Zn was very poor in all the treatment facilities studied. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks evaluated were sufficiently low. This suggests that the levels of contamination, even with respect to Cd, was minimal. Nevertheless, efforts should be made to keep the concentrations of these contaminants at levels safe for humans and aquatic organisms. Furthermore, the use of the effluents from these facilities for irrigation should be discouraged to prevent unnecessary build-up of metals in the soil and plants grown with such, as well as subsequent bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the food chain.

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Section: Levels Of Heavy Metals In the Wastewater And River Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Municipal wastewater is a major source of pollution in aquatic environments [1][2][3][4][5]. The final quality of sewage sludge, which is the main by-product of the wastewater treatment process, largely depends on the chemical composition of the influent wastewater and its treatment processes [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals in Wastewater and Sewage Sludge from Selected Municipal Treatment Plants in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Agoro

Adeniji

Adefisoye

et al. 2020

Water

186

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“…The availability of Pb, Hg and Cd was studied by Du and his team in Heilongjiang City-China, samples were collected from 27 WWTPs with intervals monthly during 2015. And the results ensured the removal of heavy metals from wastewater is highly affective as they released to environment which finally adversely affects humanity [7].…”

Section: Heavy Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air pollution does not only cause toxicological effects on human health, it has also significantly degraded the environment in the last years [5,6]. Now a day, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are definitely known as one of the most crises on air quality and availability of gases, chemical pollutants and biological contaminants in environment directly resourced from sewage wastewaters [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Air Quality and Wastewater Pollution

Khalid¹

2021

Environmental Sustainability - Preparing for Tomorrow

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Recently, air pollution is a universal problematic concern which adversely affects global warming and more importantly human body systems. This chapter focuses on the importance of air quality, and indicates the negative effects of emissions originated from both municipal and industrial wastewaters to atmosphere. More importantly, the improvements in wastewater treatment plants to eliminate the crisis of emissions on environment and human health is also clarified. Urbanization and distribution of industrials in urban areas influence the air pollution via releasing pollutants and contaminants to environment. The pollutant emissions from wastewaters are volatile organic compounds, Greenhouse gases and other inorganic pollutants (heavy metals) which are causes to many reactions through atmosphere, then products detriment whole environment and living organisms including human. Moreover, contaminants are also released into air from influents of municipal wastewaters and they are considered as the main resources of most threatened infections in human and other animals. As conclusion, because of the persistently development urbanization and industrialization as the wastewater pollutant sources, the environmental technology regarding wastewater treatments must depend on prevention of emissions to air before thinking on cost and good quality effluents.

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“…Treatments consisted of the exposure to nanoparticle alone (nAg, nCuO, nZnO and nCeO) at the fixed concentration of 50 µg/L and to two mixtures, one with a total metallic content of 50 µg/L (i.e., 12.5 µg/L per each nanoparticle) and another reaching a concentration of 200 µg/L in total metals (i.e., 50 µg/L per each nanoparticle). The selection of the 50 µg/L concentration was selected based on the observation that these elements are found in municipal effluents and combined sewer overflows at concentrations between 0.1 and 100 µg/L [19,20]. Hence, the concentration is at the upper limit (worst-case scenario) of these elements in municipal effluents.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Exposure Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels

et al. 2020

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The toxicological effects of nanoparticles mixtures in aquatic organisms are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the tissue metal loadings and sublethal effects of silver (nAg), cerium oxide (nCeO), copper oxide (nCuO) and zinc oxide (nZnO) nanoparticles individually at 50 µg/L and in two mixtures to freshwater mussels Dreissena bugensis. The mixtures consisted of 12.5 µg/L of each nanoparticle (Mix50) and 50 µg/L of each nanoparticles (Mix200). After a 96-h exposure period, mussels were analyzed for morphological changes, air time survival, bioaccumulation, inflammation (cyclooxygenase or COX activity), lipid peroxidation (LPO), DNA strand breaks, labile Zn, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and protein–ubiquitin levels. The data revealed that mussels accumulated the nanoparticles with nCeO and nAg were the least and most bioavailable, respectively. Increased tissue metal loadings were observed for nCeO and nCuO in mixtures, while no mixture effects were observed for nAg and nZnO. The weight loss during air emersion was lower in mussels exposed to nCuO alone but not by the mixture. On the one hand, labile Zn levels was increased with nZnO but returned to control values with the Mix50 and Mix200, suggesting antagonism. On the other hand, DNA strand breaks were reduced for both mixtures compared to controls or to the nanoparticles individually, suggesting potentiation of effects. The same was found for protein–ubiquitin levels, which were decreased by nCeO and nCuO alone but not when in mixtures, which increased their levels. In conclusion, the data revealed that the behavior and effects of nanoparticles were influenced by other nanoparticles where antagonist and potentiation interactions were identified.

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Occurrence and Fate of Heavy Metals in Municipal Wastewater in Heilongjiang Province, China: A Monthly Reconnaissance from 2015 to 2017

Cited by 27 publications

References 65 publications

Heavy Metals in Wastewater and Sewage Sludge from Selected Municipal Treatment Plants in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Heavy Metals in Wastewater and Sewage Sludge from Selected Municipal Treatment Plants in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Correlation between Air Quality and Wastewater Pollution

Toxicological Effects of Inorganic Nanoparticle Mixtures in Freshwater Mussels

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