Occurrence and Ecological Risks of Microplastics and Phthalate Esters in Organic Solid Wastes: In a Landfill Located Nearby the Persian Gulf

Analysis of phthalate acid esters in butter and cheese samples using MSPE‐GC/MS method: A health risk assessment study

“…PAEs are a wellknown groups of plasticisers and polymer additives that are widely added to carpets, toys, plastics, pharmaceutical tablets and cosmetics in order to increase the durability and flexibility of plastics (Moazzen et al 2019;Mohammadi et al 2022). Due to the weak secondary molecular interactions with the polymer chains, the mentioned analytes are bound to the polymer matrix (Takdastan et al 2021;Mohammadi et al 2023). Because these compounds (PAEs) are not chemically bound to the matrix, they can be easily released from the polymers and subsequently contaminate food (such as beverages) and the environment (such as air, water and soil; Borch et al 2006;Cao 2008;Farhoodi et al 2008;Amiridou and Voutsa 2011).…”

“…These analytes may cause premature breast development in young girls. Also, in children, a relationship between allergic symptoms and asthma and PAE compounds found in house dust was observed (Takdastan et al 2021;Mohammadi et al 2023). Therefore, PAE compounds have attracted the attention of responsible health organisations due to their suspected carcinogenic properties for humans and animals (Lamb et al 1987;Gray et al 2000;Foster 2006;Holadová et al 2007;Kueseng et al 2007).…”

“…2021; Mohammadi et al . 2023). Because these compounds (PAEs) are not chemically bound to the matrix, they can be easily released from the polymers and subsequently contaminate food (such as beverages) and the environment (such as air, water and soil; Borch et al .…”

“…2021; Mohammadi et al . 2023). Therefore, PAE compounds have attracted the attention of responsible health organisations due to their suspected carcinogenic properties for humans and animals (Lamb et al .…”