Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of disinfection byproducts from chlorination of wastewater effluents in East China

Occurrence and risk assessment of emerging contaminants in a water reclamation and ecological reuse project

“…TECM and PCE posed a medium risk (0.1-1), and the risks of other DBPs were at a low level. A study (Li et al, 2019) on the occurrence and ecological risk of 44 DBPs in wastewater effluents in East China also found that HANs had significant ecological risks especially for green algae (RQ DCAN N100, RQ DBAN N90, RQ TBAN N85) and HAAs had the highest risk (N1500).…”

“…Many studies have shown that secondary effluent from WWTPs can often meet most of these criteria, and effluent from effective tertiary or advanced treatment processes can basically meet the requirements very well (Jin et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2016). However, more and more studies indicated that many emerging contaminants in wastewater and rivers may pose risks to human and aquatic ecology including pesticides (Wang et al, 2017a;Zheng et al, 2016), PCBs (Cui et al, 2020), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) (Ben et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018), endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) (Tan et al, 2018), disinfection by-products (DBPs) (Li et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2017b) and pathogenic contaminants (Vadde et al, 2019). These studies generally focused on the occurrence, fate, transport and toxicity of one or several types of emerging contaminants in one site such as surface water, drinking water and WWTPs.…”

“…Furthermore, disinfection is significant to inactive pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater before its discharge or reuse (Li et al, 2013). DBPs in wastewater and water treatment include trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), haloketones (HKs), halonitromethanes (HNMs), and nitrosamines (NAs), among other compounds (Chai et al, 2018;Hang et al, 2016;Li and Mitch, 2018;Li et al, 2019). Dissolved organic matter precursor in treated wastewater treatment has been shown to be a precursor to the formation of DBPs during disinfection (Lu et al, 2009;Yan et al, 2018).…”

“…Besides, more attention was paid to the regulated DBPs including THMs and HAAs in previous research, while other DBPs such as HANs, HKs, HNMs and NAs have rarely been studied and evaluated. Some recent studies (Li et al, 2019) indicated that these unregulated DBPs may pose more severe threatens to water ecology. Thus, systematic studies on the occurrence and risk assessment of DBPs in water reuse systems are needed to assess the associated safety.…”

“…In terms of risk assessment of these emerging contaminants in water system, previous studies (Guruge et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019;Shao et al, 2019) mainly focused on their toxicity to aquatic organisms such as typically fish, algae, and daphnia. While their risk to human health in water reclamation and reuse system have rarely been studied and reported, which may be resulted from the challenges to detect wide ranges of emerging contaminants with low concentrations and determine the assessment procedure, toxicity data and exposure parameters (Ma et al, 2018;USEPA, 2012).…”