Occurrence and cycling of dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Arctic during summer receding of the ice edge

Galí, Martí; Simó, Rafel

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2010.07.003

Cited by 68 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Severe photoinhibition was already observed by Toole et al (2006), who reported a similar response of bacterial DMS consumption and LIR. Since only a portion of the bacterial community is able to consume DMS through oxidation, it is likely that the photoresponse of bacterial DMS consumers and that of bulk heterotrophic bacteria differ (as suggested by Galí and Simó, 2010) and also that the photoresponse of different metabolic activities differs in a given cell or strain. Clearly, these issues deserve further investigation.…”

Section: Response Of Community Dms Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response of planktonic primary, bacterial, and dimethylsulfide production rates to static vs. dynamic light exposure in upper mixed-layer summer sea waters

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Microbial plankton experience short-term fluctuations in total solar irradiance and in its spectral composition as they are vertically moved by turbulence in the oceanic upper mixed layer (UML). The fact that the light exposure is not static but dynamic may have important consequences for biogeochemical processes and ocean-atmosphere fluxes. However, most biogeochemical processes other than primary production, like bacterial production or dimethylsulfide (DMS) production, are seldom measured in sunlight and even less often in dynamic light fields. We conducted four experiments in oligotrophic summer stratified Mediterranean waters, where a sample from the UML was incubated in ultraviolet (UV)-transparent bottles at three fixed depths within the UML and on a vertically moving basket across the same depth range. We assessed the response of the phyto-and bacterioplankton community with physiological indicators based on flow cytometry singe-cell measurements, fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRf), phytoplankton pigment concentrations and particulate light absorption. Dynamic light exposure caused a subtle disruption of the photoinhibition and photoacclimation processes associated with ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which slightly alleviated bacterial photoinhibition but did not favor primary production. Gross DMS production (GP DMS ) decreased sharply with depth in parallel to shortwave UVR, and displayed a dose-dependent response that mixing did not significantly disrupt. To our knowledge, we provide the first measurements of GP DMS under in situ UV-inclusive optical conditions.

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Section: Response Of Community Dms Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response of planktonic primary, bacterial, and dimethylsulfide production rates to static vs. dynamic light exposure in upper mixed-layer summer sea waters

et al. 2013

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“…Assuming our DMS photo-oxidation rate constants to broadly represent other estuarine and near coastal waters, corresponding contributions from photochemical DMS removal to overall losses are likely to be minor albeit still significant. In near coastal waters, photochemical removal likely dominates only in conditions of shallow stratification, low rates of air-sea gas exchange due to low wind speeds and low biological consumption in near surface waters (Toole et al, 2006;Galí and Simo, 2010). We believe that further research in this field should focus on the balance of DMS removal processes during periods of shallow stratification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…They should therefore be regarded as somewhat uncertain. The highest k int DMS values derived from controlled irradiation experiments were for the Ross (0.5e0.71 d À1 ) and Greenland Seas (0.23e1.05 d À1 ) (Toole et al, 2004;Galí and Simo, 2010). High turnover rate constants in the Ross Sea were attributed to a combination of high nitrate levels, enhanced CDOM photoreactivity and high daily irradiance during the austral Summer (Toole et al, 2004), while high upper mixed layer-integrated rate constants for the Greenland Sea are due at least in part to shallow, ice melt induced stratification (Galí and Simo, 2010).…”

Section: Photochemical Dms Turnover and Dmso Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest k int DMS values derived from controlled irradiation experiments were for the Ross (0.5e0.71 d À1 ) and Greenland Seas (0.23e1.05 d À1 ) (Toole et al, 2004;Galí and Simo, 2010). High turnover rate constants in the Ross Sea were attributed to a combination of high nitrate levels, enhanced CDOM photoreactivity and high daily irradiance during the austral Summer (Toole et al, 2004), while high upper mixed layer-integrated rate constants for the Greenland Sea are due at least in part to shallow, ice melt induced stratification (Galí and Simo, 2010). Given that seawater photoreactivity appears to increase offshore, presumably due to an increasing contribution by nitrate photochemistry and the higher photoreactivity of marine CDOM (Bouillon and Miller, 2004;Toole et al, 2004;Taalba et al, 2013), our low k int DMS can be partly explained by the lower photoreactivity of CDOM-rich, near coastal waters ( Estimates of k int DMS are also sensitive to the choice of water column depth (equation (5)).…”

Section: Photochemical Dms Turnover and Dmso Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies reported a variable contribution from DMS photo-oxidation to overall DMS removal of around 6e70% (Kieber et al, 1996;Archer et al, 2002;Toole et al, 2003Toole et al, , 2004Bouillon et al, 2006;Simo, 2010, 2015), and indicated that photooxidation can typically dominate over losses through biological consumption and air-sea gas exchange during periods of strong stratification with shallow mixed layer depths (Toole et al, 2006;Galí and Simo, 2010). However, a recent meta-analysis of DMS cycling rates suggest that the combined contributions of photochemical and air-sea gas exchange losses generally fall below 20% (Galí and Simo, 2015).…”

Section: Photochemical Dms Turnover and Dmso Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photochemical oxidation of dimethylsulphide to dimethylsulphoxide in estuarine and coastal waters

et al. 2017

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h i g h l i g h t sWe observed 1:1 M conversion of DMS to DMSO in estuarine waters. This suggests that DMS photo-oxidation occurred via the CDOM sensitised 1 O 2 pathway. Photochemical rate constants decreased~10-fold from river to seawater. Rate constants were strongly correlated with CDOM absorption coefficients (a 350 ). a 350 -normalised rate constants increased~10-fold from river to seawater. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tDimethylsulphide (DMS) photo-oxidation and dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) photoproduction were estimated in 26 laboratory irradiations of coastal samples from NE England (Tyne estuary) and W Scotland (Loch Linnhe and River Nant at Taynuilt). Pseudo-first order rate constants of DMS photo-oxidation (0.038 h À1 to 0.345 h À1 ) and DMSO photo-production (0.017 h À1 to 0.283 h À1 ) varied by one order of magnitude and were lowest in the coastal North Sea. Estuarine samples (salinity S < 30) had a mean DMSO yield of 96 ± 16% (n ¼ 14), consistent with 1:1 M conversion via photosensitised oxidation by singlet oxygen. Photochemical rate constants were strongly correlated with coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption coefficients at 350 nm, a 350 . Variations in a 350 explained 61% (R 2 ¼ 0.61, n ¼ 26) and 73% (R 2 ¼ 0.73, n ¼ 17) of the variability in DMS photo-oxidation and DMSO production, respectively. However, CDOM normalised photochemical rate constants increased strongly towards coastal waters exhibiting lowest CDOM absorbance, indicating water samples of marine character (S > 30) to be most reactive with respect to DMS photo-oxidation. Estimates of water column averaged DMS photo-oxidation rate constants, obtained by scaling to mean daily irradiance (July, NE England) and mid-UV underwater irradiance, were 0.012 d À1 , 0.019 d À1 , and 0.017 d À1 for upper estuary (S < 20), lower estuary (20 < S < 30) and coastal waters (S > 30), at the lower end of previous observations. Comparing our water column averaged DMS photo-oxidation rate constants with estimated DMS losses via air-sea gas exchange and previously reported biological consumption implies that DMS photochemical removal is of only minor importance in our study area.

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Biological and physical processes influencing sea ice, under‐ice algae, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate during spring in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

et al. 2014

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This study presents temporal variations in concentrations of chlorophyll a (Chl a), particulate and dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPp and DMSPd) in the sea ice and underlying water column in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the spring of 2010 and 2011. During both years, bottom ice Chl a, DMSPp and DMSPd concentrations were high (up to 1328 mg L 21, 15,082 nmol L 21, and 6110 nmol L 21 , respectively) in May and decreased thereafter. The release of bottom ice algae and DMSPp in the water column was gradual in 2010 and rapid (8 days) in 2011. Bottom brine drainage during the presnowmelt period in 2010 and a rapid loss of the snow cover in 2011 coinciding with rain events explain most of the difference between the 2 years. During both years, less than 13% of the DMSPd lost from the ice was detected in the water column, suggesting a rapid microbial consumption. An under-ice diatom bloom developed in both years. In 2010, the bloom was dominated by centric diatoms while in 2011 pennates dominated, likely reflecting seeding by ice algae following the faster snowmelt progression induced by rainfall events in 2011. Both under-ice blooms were associated with high DMSPp concentrations (up to 185 nmol L 21 ), but pennate diatoms showed DMSPp/Chl a ratios twice higher than centrics. These results highlight the key role of snowmelt and precipitation on the temporal pattern of ice-DMSP release to the water column and on the timing, taxonomic composition, and DMSP content of phytoplankton under-ice blooms in the Arctic.

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Occurrence and cycling of dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Arctic during summer receding of the ice edge

Cited by 68 publications

References 72 publications

Differential response of planktonic primary, bacterial, and dimethylsulfide production rates to static vs. dynamic light exposure in upper mixed-layer summer sea waters

Differential response of planktonic primary, bacterial, and dimethylsulfide production rates to static vs. dynamic light exposure in upper mixed-layer summer sea waters

Photochemical oxidation of dimethylsulphide to dimethylsulphoxide in estuarine and coastal waters

Biological and physical processes influencing sea ice, under‐ice algae, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate during spring in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

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