Occurrence and congeners specific of polychlorinated biphenyls in agricultural soils from Southern Jiangsu, China

Occurrence of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in agricultural soils in a BFR-manufacturing region of North China

“…This was attributed to the small production and consumption amount in China (approximately 10,000 t between 1965 and 1974) (Xing et al, 2005). The PCB levels were within the concentration range in soils recently reported from East, Northeast, and North China (average 1.07-35.5 ng/g) (Teng et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2008Wang et al, , 2010Wu et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2007) and comparable to the PCB levels in the global background soil (average 5.41 ng/g) (Meijer et al, 2003). Nevertheless, the values in the present study were higher than the PCB concentrations (0.14-1.84 ng/g, average 0.52 ng/g) in soils across China (including urban, rural, and background soils) (Ren et al, 2007).…”

Seasonal and spatial character of PCBs in a chemical industrial zone of Shanghai, China

“…2a). The concentrations of total PCBs in Wujing chemical industrial soil were similar to or less than those detected in soil from the municipal waste dumping sites of Cambodia and India (140 and 210 ng g ¡1 dry weight, respectively) (Minh et al 2006), and greater than those found in the unpolluted zone in Tibet (0.625-3.501 ng g ¡1 ) (Chu et al 1999), and in agriculture soil from Zhangjiagang and Changshu in Southern Jiangsu in China (average 4.13 ng g ¡1 ) (Zhang et al 2007). Even greater concentrations (788 ng g ¡1 dry weight) have been found in some agricultural soil in China (dumping site of capacitors around this area unspeciWed by name) (Chu et al 1999).…”

Characterization and risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls in soils and vegetations near an electronic waste recycling site, South China

“…The partitioning of lower chlorinated congeners (Cl number 6 6) in the gas phase is greater compared with higher chlorinated congeners (Cl number P 7) (Falconer and Bidleman, 1994;Li et al, 2008). Thus, they undergo greater degradation and/or long-range atmospheric transport to areas outside the e-waste burning site than the higher chlorinated congeners, which have larger tendency to be retained in soil (Zhang et al, 2007). Hepta-PCBs were found in soils from the burning site rather than other locations, indicating that the PCBs with high chlorine number were much more difficult to volatilize and disperse in the environment (Falconer and Bidleman, 1994).…”