Occurrence and characterisation of biofilms in drinking water systems of broiler houses

Maes, Sara; Vackier, Thijs; Huu, Son Nguyen; Heyndrickx, Marc; Steenackers, Hans; Sampers, Imca; Raes, Katleen; Verplaetse, Alex; Reu, Koen De

doi:10.1186/s12866-019-1451-5

Cited by 85 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The difference in monoculture bio lm-forming capacity between the three P. putida strains in the DWS in vitro model con rmed the previous observations concerning bio lm formation by these strains in 96-well MTPs (Maes et al, 2019). Differences in bio lm-forming capacity between strains of the same species are commonly reported and can be due to mutations in bio lm regulating genes (Arevalo-Ferro et al ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…To study the potential of Pseudomonas putida as BCA against Salmonella, several eld strains from broiler houses were used ( Table 1). The P. putida strains were in a previous study (Maes et al, 2019) classi ed as weak (P1), moderate (P2) and strong (P3) bio lm formers in 96-well microtiter plates (MTPs). Table 1 Field strains to study the potential of Pseudomonas putida as BCA against Salmonella Java.…”

Section: Strain Selection and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutrient conditions were approached by applying a poor growth medium during bio lm formation (Bio lm formation by the attached bacterial strains). Finally, as speci ed in 'Experimental procedures: Strain selection and preparation', eld strains (2 Salmonella strains; 3 Pseudomonas putida strains) previously collected from water, broiler feed and from inside surfaces of the DWS for broilers were used to simulate bio lm formation at this speci c niche (Maes et al, 2019).…”

Section: Validation Of the In Vitro Bio Lm Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cooperation criterion can be used to distinguish between cooperative and competitive interactions (Mitri and Foster, 2013), whereas the biodiversity effect (consisting of a selection effect and a complementarity effect) provides a useful logic to further characterize the level and nature of competition (Loreau and Hector, 2001; Parijs and Steenackers, 2018). Since bio lm-growth capacities of microorganisms strongly depend on several factors, including growth conditions, contact surface and taxonomy (Chia et al, 2009 In previous work (Maes et al, 2019), we identi ed Pseudomonas putida as part of the natural dominant microbiota on several locations on the inside of the DWS in broiler houses, but it is not known as a common contaminant on chickens. Several Pseudomonas spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pseudomonas Putida as a Potential Biocontrol Agent Against Salmonella Java Biofilm Formation in the Drinking Water System of Broiler Houses

Maes

Reu

Weyenberg

et al. 2020

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Background: Environmental biofilms can induce attachment and protection of other microorganisms including pathogens, but can also prevent them from invasion and colonization. This opens the possibility for so-called biocontrol strategies, wherein microorganisms are applied to control the presence of other microbes. The potential for both positive and negative interactions between microbes, however, raises the need for in depth characterization of the sociobiology of candidate biocontrol agents (BCAs). The inside of the drinking water system (DWS) of broiler houses is an interesting niche to apply BCAs, because contamination of these systems with pathogens plays an important role in the infection of broiler chickens and consequently humans. In this study, Pseudomonas putida, which is part of the natural microbiota in the DWS of broiler houses, was evaluated as BCA against the broiler pathogen Salmonella Java.Methods: To study the interaction between these species, an in vitro model was developed simulating biofilm formation in the drinking water system of broilers. Mono- and dual-species biofilms were grown in 6-well microtiter plates and quantified based on bacterial counts and social interactions in mixed communities were determined by the cooperation criterion and biodiversity effect.Results: Dual-species biofilms of P. putida strains P1, P2, and P3 with S. Java were characterized by competitive interactions, independent of P. putida strain, S. Java inoculum density and application order. When equal inocula of S. Java and P. putida strains P1 or P3 were simultaneously applied, the interaction was characterized by mutual inhibition, whereas P. putida strain P2 showed an exploitation of S. Java. Lowering the inoculum density of S. Java changed the interaction with P. putida strain P3 also into an exploitation of S. Java. A further increase in S. Java inhibition was established by P. putida strain P3 forming a mature biofilm before applying S. Java.Conclusions: This study provides the first results showing the potential of P. putida as BCA against S. Java in the broiler environment. Future work should include more complex microbial communities residing in the DWS, additional Salmonella strains as well as chemicals typically used to clean and disinfect the system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Strain Selection and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validation Of the In Vitro Bio Lm Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pseudomonas Putida as a Potential Biocontrol Agent Against Salmonella Java Biofilm Formation in the Drinking Water System of Broiler Houses

Maes

Reu

Weyenberg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…[17,[56][57][58][59] Imbalance of minerals (Se, Zn, Mn, Cu, etc.) and other nutrients [2,15,18,19,[60][61][62][63] Low water quality [2,18,19,[64][65][66][67] Usage of coccidiostats and other drugs via feed or water [2,18,19,68,69]…”

Section: Nutritional Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update

et al. 2019

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Poultry in commercial settings are exposed to a range of stressors. A growing body of information clearly indicates that excess ROS/RNS production and oxidative stress are major detrimental consequences of the most common commercial stressors in poultry production. During evolution, antioxidant defence systems were developed in poultry to survive in an oxygenated atmosphere. They include a complex network of internally synthesised (e.g., antioxidant enzymes, (glutathione) GSH, (coenzyme Q) CoQ) and externally supplied (vitamin E, carotenoids, etc.) antioxidants. In fact, all antioxidants in the body work cooperatively as a team to maintain optimal redox balance in the cell/body. This balance is a key element in providing the necessary conditions for cell signalling, a vital process for regulation of the expression of various genes, stress adaptation and homeostasis maintenance in the body. Since ROS/RNS are considered to be important signalling molecules, their concentration is strictly regulated by the antioxidant defence network in conjunction with various transcription factors and vitagenes. In fact, activation of vitagenes via such transcription factors as Nrf2 leads to an additional synthesis of an array of protective molecules which can deal with increased ROS/RNS production. Therefore, it is a challenging task to develop a system of optimal antioxidant supplementation to help growing/productive birds maintain effective antioxidant defences and redox balance in the body. On the one hand, antioxidants, such as vitamin E, or minerals (e.g., Se, Mn, Cu and Zn) are a compulsory part of the commercial pre-mixes for poultry, and, in most cases, are adequate to meet the physiological requirements in these elements. On the other hand, due to the aforementioned commercially relevant stressors, there is a need for additional support for the antioxidant system in poultry. This new direction in improving antioxidant defences for poultry in stress conditions is related to an opportunity to activate a range of vitagenes (via Nrf2-related mechanisms: superoxide dismutase, SOD; heme oxygenase-1, HO-1; GSH and thioredoxin, or other mechanisms: Heat shock protein (HSP)/heat shock factor (HSP), sirtuins, etc.) to maximise internal AO protection and redox balance maintenance. Therefore, the development of vitagene-regulating nutritional supplements is on the agenda of many commercial companies worldwide.

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