Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Leuconostoc, an emergent pathogenic associated with acute endodontic infections

Abstract

Purpose: Endodontic infections are polymicrobial. This study was undertaken to characterize and perform an antimicrobial susceptibility test on Leuconostoc sp. isolated from acute endodontic infections in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, from June to October 2014. A questionnaire form was used to collect the clinical data. Biochemical standard techniques were used to isolate bacteria, and identification was made by API 20 Strep gallery. Antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out by the diffusion method on a solid medium. Results:The age group of 19-40 years (67.7%) was more significant among the 93 patients included in the study. Acute cellulitis was accounted for 66.7% while acute apical periodontitis was observed in 33.3% of cases. Two exudate samples were positive to Leuconostoc sp. showing 100% sensitivity to lincosamides (lincomycin and clindamycin). On the other hand, they were 100% resistant to trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, 50% resistant to the macrolides (spiramycin and erythromycin), and the 3 rd generations of cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cefuroxime, cefixime, and ceftriaxone). Conclusion:Leuconostoc sp. was associated with acute endodontic infections and an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium. The primary objective of the treatment of endodontic infection is to eliminate biofilms by a chemomechanical treatment. Dentists must avoid the overuse of antibiotics to prevent the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.

Investigation of the Role of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris in Periodontitis around Abutments of Fixed Prostheses

“…The findings of the current study agreed with [20] during the study of Leuconostoc sp. from acute cellulitis and acute apical periodontitis showing.…”

A Rare Case of Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides Bacteremia and Refractory Septic Shock

“…Although the total incidence of Leuconostoc bacteremia remains uncertain, Kaboré et al presented the prevalence of Leuconostoc species in endodontic infections to be between 1.2% and 2.9% [ 9 ]. This is important as it is widely known that dental infections and endodontic work can cause systemic infections such as endocarditis, which could ultimately lead to sepsis and death [ 9 ].…”

“…Although the total incidence of Leuconostoc bacteremia remains uncertain, Kaboré et al presented the prevalence of Leuconostoc species in endodontic infections to be between 1.2% and 2.9% [ 9 ]. This is important as it is widely known that dental infections and endodontic work can cause systemic infections such as endocarditis, which could ultimately lead to sepsis and death [ 9 ]. As we see in our patient, he was admitted to the hospital one month prior for infective endocarditis and although he was a long-term intravenous drug user, it is important to note that his lack of hygiene could have also allowed for an underlying Leuconostoc infection to develop.…”

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) as an Indispensable Tool in Diagnostic Bacteriology: A Comparative Analysis With Conventional Technique

“…Why the identification of the above species is so important because of their intrinsic resistance to vancomycin. In the absence of the correct identification, clinicians might start vancomycin as an empirical treatment with no clinical improvement [ 14 , 15 ]. MALDI-TOF helps in the identification of fastidious organisms like Aerococcus viridans and helps in forming a better correlation between patients’ symptoms and their treatment.…”