Occurrence and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in raw milk and dairy products in Turkey

Abstract

In this survey, 150 samples of raw milk, white cheese and ice cream from three different dairy‐processing plants in Ankara were analysed to find out if they were contaminated with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus or Bacillus cereus. The highest contamination percentages were found in raw milk samples as follows: B. cereus (90%), E. coli (74%) and S. aureus (56%) followed by cheese (70% B. cereus, 60% E. coli, and 48% S. aureus) and ice cream (56% E. coli, 36% S. aureus and 20% B. cereus). The survey showed that 2% of cheese samples were contaminated with E. coli O157. It was also found that the numbers of S. aureus and E. coli in raw milk, cheese and ice cream samples exceeded the numbers permitted under the Turkish Food Codex (TFC). The number of B. cereus in raw milk, cheese and ice cream samples was lower than the limit given in the TFC standards. The study also showed that E. coli and S. aureus exhibit resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Escherichia coli isolates also showed resistance to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin but none of them exhibited resistance to cefotaxime. All S. aureus isolates were found to be susceptible to cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. Bacillus cereus isolates were found to be resistant to ampicillin, penicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and sensitive to cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin erythromycin, gentamicin and tetracycline.

Microbial Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Isolated from Traditional Ice Cream in Hamadan City, West of Iran

“…The highest antibiotic resistance of E. coli was observed to ampicillin, whilst all isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. In other studies, isolated E. coli from milk and dairy products showed the most resistance to ampicillin (6,21). In some studies, E. coli isolated from raw milk and unpasteurized cheese showed the highest resistance to penicillin and clindamycin, this finding was different than our results (14).…”

“…The previous research surveys that have been conducted on the antibiotic resistance pattern of S. aureus isolated from milk, dairy products, ice cream and mastitis. The highest resistance was observed in penicillin, oxacillin, ampicillin, cefuroxime, tetracycline and amoxicillin and the results of penicillin and oxacillin were not in agreement with the present study (6,20,21,34,35).…”

“…Several studies have been done in relation to antibiotic resistance patterns in traditional ice cream, raw milk and other dairy products all around the world (6,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) . In other surveys, more TBC (51 to 78.8%) than the current study has been reported (25)(26)(27).…”

“…Many dfferent pathogenic bacterias are found in milk, such as E. coli, S. aureus, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella, Campylobacter jejuni and Bacillus cereus (5,6).…”

“…Since most of the ice cream is consumed by children and is popular amongst adults, the study of the microbial status of this product is very useful (10). On the other hand, the worldwide use of antibiotics in livestock could increase the emergence of resistance bacteria strains in the food chain (6). The information of antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria helps treat the infectious disease (11).…”