Occupational stress among student nurses: A natural experiment.

Parkes, Katharine R.

doi:10.1037/0021-9010.67.6.784

Cited by 136 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The study of student nurses by Parkes (1980aParkes ( , 1981 sheds considerable light on this point; because it is unusual in that the nurses were given the CFQ before entering into the stressful situation of working on hospital wards. It was found that wards differed in the degree of difficulty which they produced for the nurse; for example, a sample of 88 nurses who had each worked on medical and on surgical wards gave significantly different MHQ scores when they had spent the previous six weeks on medical wards than when they had been working on surgical wards.…”

Section: E Broadbent P F Cooper P Fitzgerald and K R Parkesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates

Broadbent

Cooper

Fitzgerald

et al. 1982

British J Clinic Psychol

2,331

1,832

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This paper describes a questionnaire measure of self-reported failures in perception, memory, and motor function. Responses to all questions tend to be positively correlated, and the whole questionnaire correlates with other recent measures of self-reported deficit in memory, absentmindedness, or slips of action. The questionnaire is however only weakly correlated with indices of social desirability set or of neuroticism. It is significantly correlated with ratings of the respondent by his or her spouse, and accordingly does have some external significance rather than purely private opinion of the self. The score is reasonably stable over long periods, to about the same extent as traditional measures of trait rather than state. Furthermore, it has not thus far been found to change in persons exposed to life-stresses. However, it does frequently correlate with the number of current psychiatric symptoms reported by the same person on the MHQ; and in one study it has been found that CFQ predicts subsequent MHQ in persons who work at a stressful job in the interval. It does not d o so in those who work in a less stressful environment. The most plausible view is that cognitive failure makes a person vulnerable to showing bad effects of stress, rather than itself resulting from stress.During the past few years a considerable amount of interest has developed in the assessment of minor everyday slips or errors. This interest is perhaps due more to the work of Reason (1977Reason ( , 1979 than of any other single individual; starting from the analysis of accident reports, he has progressed to the recording of bizarre episodes of 'absentmindedness' in diaries kept during everyday life, and to general questionnaires of the frequency with which such episodes are reported by individuals. The lapses which have interested him can be typified by the pilot who sets his course by the wrong end of the compass needle, or who closes down the suruiuing engine when one fails; or who forgets to change fuel tanks. A particularly interesting detailed example is given by Ruffell-Smith (1979), of a flight engineer who repeatedly miscalculated the safe load of fuel to retain in a (simulated) aircraft during an emergency landing, and finally concluded that his instruments must be in error. Similar though less dramatic episodes occur to all of us during the average week; as the examples show, they may involve perceptual failures, or failures of memory, or actions which are misdirected. The common element is that there is a departure from the normal smooth flow of function, and events do not proceed in accordance with intention. The situation is rather different from the failures of ability which again we all reach at our limits, and which may arise at quite low levels of difficulty for some individuals. In the lapses we are now discussing, the ability is certainly present and the functions may on other occasions be regarded as laughably simple; but they do sometimes fail.Quite apart from the initiative of Reason, there are practical and theore...

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Section: E Broadbent P F Cooper P Fitzgerald and K R Parkesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates

Broadbent

Cooper

Fitzgerald

et al. 1982

British J Clinic Psychol

2,331

1,832

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Une autre a trouvé une association entre ce type d'absence pour maladie et une faible latitude décisionnelle seulement (Houtman et al, 1994). Enfin, une autre n'a démontré aucune association entre ce type d'absence et un changement au niveau de la latitude, de la demande et du soutien social (Parkes, 1982 s'intéressait aux cols blancs. Chez ces derniers, la médiane de la distribution partageait les sujets exposés ou non exposés à une demande élevée ou à une latitude faible.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Un première mesure d'absence comprend l'ensemble des absences pour maladie quelle que soit la durée. Les études répertoriées qui ont mesuré l'association entre la tension au travail et l'absence pour maladie ont utilisé cette mesure (Dwyer et Ganster, 1991;Karasek, 1979;Kristensen, 1991;Parkes, 1982). Une deuxième mesure désigne l'ensemble des absences pour maladie néces-sitant un certificat médical, quel que soit le diagnostic.…”

Section: Variables Et Instruments De Mesureunclassified

“…Au cours d'une recherche sur un changement dans certaines caractéristiques du travail chez des étudiantes infirmières, on a étudié, au cours de deux périodes comparées de trois mois, les absences pour maladie de courte durée, de un à trois jours. Mais on n'a pas mis en évidence une association entre l'absence pour maladie et un changement au niveau de la latitude décisionnelle, de la demande psychologique ou du soutien social au travail (Parkes, 1982). Une étude effectuée auprès d'un échantillon représentatif de 5865 travailleuses et travailleurs Scandinaves a révélé que l'absence du travail pour maladie toutes durées, au cours d'une période de trois mois précédant l'enquête n'est pas associée à la demande psychologique telle que mesurée par la vitesse exigée dans le travail, mais plutôt à la latitude décisionnelle (Houtman et al, 1994).…”

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La santé mentale des cols blancs et l’environnement psychosocial du travail

Bourbonnais¹,

Vézina²

2007

smq

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RÉSUMÉ Au Québec, comme dans plusieurs pays occidentaux, les problèmes de santé mentale représentent l'une des principales causes de morbidité de la population et d'absence du travail pour de longues périodes. Une partie des problèmes de santé mentale au travail résulterait de l'effet combiné d'une demande psychologique élevée et d'une faible latitude décisionnelle dans le travail. Au cours d'une étude longitudinale d'un an chez des cols blancs de la région de Québec, aucune association significative entre l'absence pour maladie et la tension au travail n'a été démontrée. Toutefois, certains sous-groupes plus à risque d'absence ont été identifiés parmi les cols blancs soumis dans leur travail à une combinaison de demande élevée et de latitude faible.

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“…It has been shown that an increase in perceived work support among nurses is associated with im proved work performance, as well as with increased job satisfaction (Parkes, 1982). A support group can be a forum for staff to identify behaviours that may be contributing to problem situations, such as ineffective commu nication patterns or unrealistic expectations of self, team members or administration (Guillory & Riggin, 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%