Occupational Risk of Hepatitis B from Institutionalized Mentally Retarded HBsAg Carriers: A Prospective Study

Lohiya, Ghan-Shyam; Lohiya, Sunita; Caires, Shirley; Nizibian, Ramona

doi:10.1093/infdis/154.6.990

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Most studies found a higher proportion of post-infection conditions (anti-HBc positive) in mentally impaired residents compared to the general population [6][7][8][9][10] . Increased HBV seroconversion rates among teachers have also been described previously, assuming the presence of HBV carriers among pupils 2,3 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection risk among employees at schools for disabled pupils

Lang

Schoene

Goessler

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Aim of this project was to assess occupational biological hazards with regard to the risk of hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis B (HBV) and the need for occupational health care in schools for pupils with special needs. Teachers and educational specialists were surveyed about activities potentially providing exposure to biological agents and their individual immune status regarding HAV and HBV by a detailed questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, group comparisons and logistic regression were performed to identify factors influencing the HAV and HBV immune status. 1398 teachers and educational specialists took part. 1381 respondents reported having physical contact with pupils at work (98%). Daily contact was reported by up to 84% of all employees. Being scratched, bitten or spat at was reported by up to 93%. Hazardous activities are performed by both teachers and educational specialists. The vaccination rate was reported to be 58% for HAV and 64% for HBV. In regression analyses, failing to receive vaccine counselling [HAV: aOR 0.36 (95% CI 0.28; 0.46; p < 0.001), HBV: aOR 0.43 (95% CI 0.33; 0.55; p < 0.001)] or non-participation in infection prevention instruction [HBV: aOR 0.54 (95% CI 0.39; 0.75; p < 0.001)] were found to be significant predictors of low vaccination rates. Employees who are at risk due to occupational exposure should be instructed about infection prevention and vaccination against HAV and HBV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Available and effective vaccines can prevent hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis B (HBV) infections 1 . In advance, various studies have described an increased prevalence of HBV among pupils and teachers in special schools for handicapped children and an increased seroconversion rate compared to the general population [2][3][4] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection risk among employees at schools for disabled pupils

Lang

Schoene

Goessler

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most studies found a higher proportion of post-infection conditions (anti-HBc positive) in mentally impaired residents compared to the general population (6-10). Increased HBV seroconversion rates among teachers have also been described previously, assuming the presence of HBV carriers among pupils (3,2).…”

Section: Hbv Hazards In the Workplacesupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Available and effective vaccines can prevent HAV and HBV infections (1). In advance, various studies have described an increased prevalence of HBV among pupils and teachers in special schools for handicapped children and an increased seroconversion rate compared to the general population (2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B infection risks of school employees in special schools for pupils with disabilities: Results of a cross- sectional study

Lang

Schoene

Goessler

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundAim of this project was to assess occupational biological hazards with regard to the risk of HAV and HBV and the need for occupational health care in schools for pupils with special needs.MethodsTeachers and pedagogical staff were surveyed about activities potentially providing exposure to biological agents and their individual immune status regarding HAV and HBV by questionnaire. Descriptive analyses, group comparisons and logistic regression were performed to identify factors influencing the HAV and HBV immune status.Results1398 teachers and educational staff took part. 1381 respondents reported having physical contact with pupils at work (98.8%). Daily contact was reported by up to 84.4% of all employees. Being scratched, bitten or spat at was reported by up to 92.7%. Hazardous activities are performed by both teachers and educational staff. The vaccination rate was reported to be 57.7% for HAV and 64.3% for HBV. In regression analyses, failing to receive vaccine counselling (OR 0.36) or instruction on infection prevention (OR 0.68) were found to be significant predictors of lower vaccination rates.ConclusionsOccupational health care, including instruction on infection prevention and vaccination against HAV and HBV, should be offered to all employees.

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“…Unless adequate preventive measures are taken, their safety and health could be severely jeopardized (9). Such prevention requires thorough knowledge of the risks and practical measures which can be taken on time (8,(10)(11). Therefore, everyone should be familiarized with universal precautions at work, as defined by the Centre for Disease Control to prevent the transmission of HBV, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and blood-borne infections (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and awareness on Hepatitis-B among paramedic and non-paramedic students in district Kanchanpur Nepal

Pant

Soomro

Sapkota

2018

J Coll Community Phys Sri Lanka

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Background: Hepatitis is a systemic infection with major pathology in the liver mainly due to hepatitis B virus (HBV). It can cause acute and chronic infections while some patients never get rid of the virus and develop cirrhosis of the liver or liver cancer many years later. Objective: To assess the knowledge regarding HBV infection, mode of transmission and prevention among paramedics and non-paramedics of an intermediate level Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the district of Kanchanpur, Nepal during the period March-April 2015. A non-probability and purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 184 trainees in paramedical (pharmacy, general medicine and nursing) and non-paramedical (computer engineering and civil engineering) fields. Data were collected through interviews using a structured and semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Among the 184 respondents, there were 92 each from the paramedical and non-paramedical fields. Mean age of the paramedics was 18.6 (SD=1.54) years and 19.5 (SD=1.17) years among the non-paramedics. The majority of paramedics (64.1%) consisted of females, in contrast to the majority being males among non-paramedics (79.3%). More than 80% of paramedics (98.9%) and non-paramedics (84.3%) knew hepatitis is a communicable disease and is transmitted by unsafe sexual contact, unsafe blood transfusion, tattooing and drug abuses. However, the level of knowledge in paramedics was higher than in non-paramedics. Conclusion: There is potential need to raise awareness and knowledge of HBV among the non-paramedics through vertical programs as well as through social media in the country.

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Occupational Risk of Hepatitis B from Institutionalized Mentally Retarded HBsAg Carriers: A Prospective Study

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection risk among employees at schools for disabled pupils

Hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection risk among employees at schools for disabled pupils

Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B infection risks of school employees in special schools for pupils with disabilities: Results of a cross- sectional study

Knowledge and awareness on Hepatitis-B among paramedic and non-paramedic students in district Kanchanpur Nepal

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