Occupational risk factors for lung cancer among young men

Kreuzer, Michaela; Pohlabeln, Hermann; Ahrens, Wolfgang; Kreienbrock, Lothar; Brüske‐Hohlfeld, Irene; Jöckel, Karl‐Heinz; He, Wenwu

doi:10.5271/sjweh.455

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The phenomenon may be due to the divergent smoking prevalence rates reported in different studies [4, 5, 16, 17]. Moreover, other hypotheses such as genes involved in xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes [18], DNA repair [19], and occupational risk factors have also been reported [20]. Tobacco smoking may result in various types of DNA damage in lung parenchyma and may lead to chronic inflammation, ultimately leading to carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of young lung cancer: Analysis of Taiwan's nationwide lung cancer registry focusing on epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and smoking status

et al. 2016

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Lung cancer is relatively rare in young patients as the median age at diagnosis is 65–70 years. The main objective of this nationwide study was to investigate the characteristics of young lung cancer in Taiwan, especially the relationships among smoking behavior, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, and age. The National Taiwan Lung Cancer Registry, a database contain detailed cancer statistics, was analyzed in this study for the period 2011–2012. Young lung cancer was defined as age ≦ 45 years. There were 21,536 lung cancer patients (13,187 men and 8349 women). Among these patients, 1074 (5.0%) were in the younger group, and 20,462 patients (95.0%) were in the older group. Female gender (48.8% versus 38.2%, P < 0.001), never-smokers (47.3% versus 43.8%, P = 0.015), and adenocarcinoma (70.4% versus 58.1%, P < 0.001) were more frequent in the younger group. While the EGFR mutation rate was lower in the younger group (52.5% versus 60.6%, P = 0.001), the primary site of lung cancer and stage distribution were not significantly different. If only adenocarcinoma patients were included in the analysis, female gender, older age, and never-smokers were more likely to have EGFR mutation. In conclusion, lung cancer in young patients (≦ 45 year-old) was associated with unique characteristics, with greater percentages of female patients, adenocarcinoma, and never-smokers and a lower EGFR mutation rate compared with older patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of young lung cancer: Analysis of Taiwan's nationwide lung cancer registry focusing on epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and smoking status

et al. 2016

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“…We therefore used data from a large case-control study on lung cancer and indoor radon, conducted from 1990-1996 in Germany, to focus on nonsmoking men. Some of the findings have been published previously Kreuzer et al, 1998Kreuzer et al, , 1999Kreuzer et al, , 2000Brüske-Hohlfeld et al, 2000;Kreienbrock et al, 2000). The present paper describes our major findings on the relation between residential radon, occupational exposure, environmental tobacco smoke, family history of cancer and previous lung disease and risk of lung cancer in nonsmoking men.…”

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confidence: 81%

Lung cancer in lifetime nonsmoking men – results of a case-control study in Germany

Kreuzer

Gerken²,

Kreienbrock³

et al. 2001

Br J Cancer

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Tobacco smoke is the major risk factor for lung cancer and accounts for about 80-95% of lung cancers in men (Parkin et al, 1994). Many of the potential risk factors for lung cancer other than active smoking, such as environmental tobacco smoke (Hackshaw et al, 1997;Boffetta et al, 1998), residential radon (BEIR VI, 1998), diet (Brennan et al, 2000), occupational hazards (Keller and Howe, 1993;Pohlabeln et al, 2000), previous non-neoplastic lung disease (Wu et al, 1995;Mayne et al, 1999), family history of lung cancer (Schwartz et al, 1996;Brownson et al, 1997) and genetic susceptibility (Bennett et al, 1999) show relative risk estimates less than two, which are about ten times smaller in magnitude than the relative risk of cigarette smoking. To determine the extent to which these risk factors contribute to lung cancer, studies of lifetime nonsmokers are preferable, because otherwise adequate controlling for smoking is difficult.About 10-30% of European and American women with lung cancer report never having smoked in their life, in contrast to only 2% of male cases (Koo and Ho, 1990). A large body of evidence on potential risk factors for lung cancer in nonsmokers has been accumulated (Brownson et al, 1998); this knowledge, however, is nearly exclusively based on studies conducted in women. We therefore used data from a large case-control study on lung cancer and indoor radon, conducted from 1990-1996 in Germany, to focus on nonsmoking men. Some of the findings have been published previously Kreuzer et al, 1998Kreuzer et al, , 1999Kreuzer et al, , 2000Brüske-Hohlfeld et al, 2000;Kreienbrock et al, 2000). The present paper describes our major findings on the relation between residential radon, occupational exposure, environmental tobacco smoke, family history of cancer and previous lung disease and risk of lung cancer in nonsmoking men. MATERIALS AND METHODSData on nonsmokers were derived from a case-control study of lung cancer and indoor radon conducted from 1990-1996 in several regions of East and West Germany. The data collection methods have been described previously Kreienbrock et al, 2000). In brief, newly diagnosed cases with histologically or cytologically confirmed lung cancer as a primary tumour were recruited from 15 study clinics in the defined study area. Cases were eligible if: (1) they were less than 76 years old; (2) they were currently resident in the study area; (3) they had lived in Germany for more than 25 years; (4) the interviews were within 3 months after diagnosis; and (5) they were not too ill. The response rate of eligible cases was 76%. Population controls satisfying inclusion criteria 1-3 were randomly selected from mandatory registries or by modified random-digit dialing and were frequency matched to the cases on sex, age and region. The response rate of eligible controls was 41%.A total of 4303 cases and 4451 population controls including smokers and nonsmokers, as well as men and women, were personally interviewed by a trained interviewer. A standardized questionnaire was used to d...

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“…An additional 34 papers were excluded from the full critical review for at least one of the following reasons: multiple publications involving the same study population [11,12,13,21,49,72,73,78]; results of a single study were included as part of a larger multicenter study already included in the critical review [61,66,80]; no risk estimate was presented [6,7,34,39,40,68,74,96]; the probability of any substantial PCE exposure was low or undefined and could not be determined in the study population [15,29,32,35,36,50,77]; PCE was one of many possible exposures without further differentiation [38,42,44,51,58,71,82,97].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical review of the epidemiological literature on occupational exposure to perchloroethylene and cancer

Mundt

Birk

Burch

2003

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Occupational risk factors for lung cancer among young men

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Characteristics of young lung cancer: Analysis of Taiwan's nationwide lung cancer registry focusing on epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and smoking status

Characteristics of young lung cancer: Analysis of Taiwan's nationwide lung cancer registry focusing on epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and smoking status

Lung cancer in lifetime nonsmoking men – results of a case-control study in Germany

Critical review of the epidemiological literature on occupational exposure to perchloroethylene and cancer

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