Occupational Rhinitis and Asthma: Where Do We Stand, Where Do We Go?

Castaño, Roberto; Malo, Jean‐Luc

doi:10.1007/s11882-010-0092-4

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Epidemiological data from national reporting schemes provide another way of examining the association between OR and OA, and to establish the relative frequency with which various families of agents cause rhinitis or asthma 23 24. To the best of our knowledge, although OA surveillance programmes exist in several countries, only preliminary data from the THOR network have been previously published on OA-OR relationships 22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational asthma and occupational rhinitis: the united airways disease model revisited

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational asthma and occupational rhinitis: the united airways disease model revisited

et al. 2013

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“…Respiratory sensitisers are associated with several respiratory diseases including irritation of mucous membranes, asthma, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and rhinitis [46,47]. Asthma is one of the most frequent occupational diseases in Europe [48].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and biological work-related risks across occupations in Europe: a review

Montaño

2014

J Occup Med Toxicol

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BackgroundWork-related health inequalities are determined to some extent by an unequal exposure to chemical and biological risk factors of disease. Although their potential economic burden in the European Union (EU-25) might be substantial, comprehensive reviews focusing on the distribution of these risks across occupational groups are limited. Thus, the main objective of this review is to provide a synopsis of the exposure to chemical and biological hazards across occupational groups. In addition, main industrial applications of hazardous substances are identified and some epidemiological evidence is discussed regarding societal costs and incidence rates of work-related diseases.MethodsAvailable lists of carcinogens, sensitisers, mutagens, reprotoxic substances and biological hazards were consulted. For each work-related hazard the main industrial application was identified in order to assess which ISCO occupational groups may be associated with direct exposure. Where available, information on annual tonnage production, risk assessment of the substances and pathogens, and other relevant data were collected and reported.ResultsAltogether 308 chemical and biological hazards were identified which may account to at least 693 direct exposures. These hazards concentrate on the following major occupational groups: technicians (ISCO 3), operators (ISCO 8), agricultural workers (ISCO 6) and workers in elementary occupations (ISCO 9). Common industrial applications associated with increased exposure rates relate among others to: (1) production or application of pigments, resins, cutting fluids, adhesives, pesticides and cleaning products, (2) production of rubber, plastics, textiles, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, and (3) in agriculture, metallurgy and food processing industry, Societal costs of the unequal distribution of chemical and biological hazards across occupations depend on the corresponding work-related diseases and may range from 2900 EUR to 126000 EUR per case/year.ConclusionsRisk of exposure to chemical and biological risks and work-related disease incidence are highly concentrated on four occupational groups. The unequal burden of exposure across occupations is an important contributing factor leading to health inequalities in society. The bulk of societal costs, however, are actually being borne by the workers themselves. There is an urgent need of taking into account the health impact of production processes and services on workers’ health.

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“…Therefore, it is not surprising to note that 53% of the workers identified in this paper complained of rhinitis symptoms. It is now believed that occupational asthma and occupational rhinitis (OR) are part of the same disease process [73, 74]. Moreover, OR can be considered a risk factor in the development of OA, even if the proportion of workers with OR eventually developing OA remains uncertain [73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Asthma: New Low-Molecular-Weight Causal Agents, 2000–2010

et al. 2012

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Background. More than 400 agents have been documented as causing occupational asthma (OA). The list of low-molecular-weight (LMW) agents that have been identified as potential causes of OA is constantly expanding, emphasizing the need to continually update our knowledge by reviewing the literature. Objective. The objective of this paper was to identify all new LMW agents causing occupational asthma reported during the period 2000–2010. Methods. A Medline search was performed using the keywords occupational asthma, new allergens, new causes, and low-molecular-weight agents. Results. We found 39 publications describing 41 new LMW causal agents, which belonged to the following categories: drugs (n = 12), wood dust (n = 11), chemicals (n = 8), metals (n = 4), biocides (n = 3), and miscellaneous (n = 3). The diagnosis of OA was confirmed through SIC for 35 of 41 agents, peak expiratory flow monitoring for three (3) agents, and the clinical history alone for three (3) agents. Immunological tests provided evidence supporting an IgE-mediated mechanism for eight (8) (20%) of the newly described agents. Conclusion. This paper highlights the importance of being alert to the occurrence of new LMW sensitizers, which can elicit OA. The immunological mechanism is explained by a type I hypersensitivity reaction in 20% of all newly described LMW agents.

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Occupational Rhinitis and Asthma: Where Do We Stand, Where Do We Go?

Cited by 26 publications

References 62 publications

Occupational asthma and occupational rhinitis: the united airways disease model revisited

Occupational asthma and occupational rhinitis: the united airways disease model revisited

Chemical and biological work-related risks across occupations in Europe: a review

Occupational Asthma: New Low-Molecular-Weight Causal Agents, 2000–2010

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