Occupational Respiratory Symptoms Caused by Chemical Hazard on Hairdresser Workers in Palembang

Abstract

Respiratory Disease is the leading cause of death in the majority of people and is among the top 10 causes of death in the world. Factors causing respiratory disease are occupational exposure, smoking and lung infections. According to WHO, 65 million people have respiratory illnesses ranging from moderate to severe. Nearly 90% of deaths from respiratory illness occur in low- and middle-income countries. Hairdressers are exposed to many chemicals in the use of many hair products such as shampoos, curling products, hair dyes, and hair sprays. This study aims to obtain risk factor related to occupational respiratory symptoms on hairdresser workers in Palembang. Cross sectional study design was chosen with a sample size of 150 respondents. The result showed that the prevalence of Occupational Respiratory Symptoms was 40%, female hairdresser were 85.3%, 64.7% were less than 35 years old, those with contact duration of eight hours a day was 78.7%, and those with contact frequency of more than three times a day was 86.6%.There were no significant relationship between sex, age and duration of contact with Occupational Respiratory Symptoms. There was a significant relationship between frequency of contact with Occupational Respiratory Symptoms.

Occupational respiratory morbidity and associated factors among hairdressers in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…It is noteworthy that the majority of individuals who engage in hairdressing activities are women, and this study confirmed that the majority of hairdressers were women (62.0%). This is consistent with the findings of previous studies 10 42. This high prevalence of respiratory diseases in women can be explained by the fact that, in addition to their hairdressing occupations, women also cook at home, which is associated with the risk of air pollution from cooking fuels.…”

“…9 More than 90% of deaths occur in low-income and middle-income countries. [9][10][11] Epidemiological studies have identified high-risk jobs and hazardous exposures. 10 In low-income countries, including Ethiopia, where most patients have access to poor healthcare services, occupational respiratory morbidities are emerging as public health problems.…”

“…[9][10][11] Epidemiological studies have identified high-risk jobs and hazardous exposures. 10 In low-income countries, including Ethiopia, where most patients have access to poor healthcare services, occupational respiratory morbidities are emerging as public health problems. 12 Investigations have confirmed that the prevalence of occupational respiratory morbidity is higher in hairdressers compared with other occupations.…”

“…According to WHO, respiratory morbidity is the third highest killer worldwide, causing 3.23 million deaths in 2019, and it is the seventh leading cause of poor health worldwide (measured by disability-adjusted life years) 9. More than 90% of deaths occur in low-income and middle-income countries 9–11. Epidemiological studies have identified high-risk jobs and hazardous exposures 10.…”

“…Occupational respiratory morbidity in hairdressers is increased by several factors 10 14 15. These workers are exposed to indoor and outdoor air pollution, allergens, workplace chemicals, tobacco smoke and confined spaces regularly and for prolonged periods.…”