Occupational exposures and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a high‐risk area: A population‐based case‐control study

Chen, Yufeng; Chang, Ellen T.; Liu, Qing; Cai, Yonglin; Zhang, Zhe; Chen, Guomin; Huang, Qihong; Xie, Shiwei; Cao, Su‐Mei; Jia, Wei‐Hua; Zheng, Yuming; Li, Yancheng; Lin, Longde; Ernberg, Ingemar; Wang, Dongming; Chen, Weihong; Feng, Ruimei; Huang, Guangwu; Zeng, Yi‐Xin; Adami, Hans‐Olov; Ye, Weimin

doi:10.1002/cncr.33536

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…In some previous studies, frequent exposure to cotton dust has been associated with elevated risk of NPC [12,21,30]. We did not find an elevated SIR among female textile workers, and there was a statistically significant decreased SIR for male textile workers.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

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Occupational risk variation of nasopharyngeal cancer in the Nordic countries

Carpén

Gille

Hammarstedt‐Nordenvall

et al. 2022

BMC Cancer

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Background The aim of this study was to estimate occupational risk variation in the incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) in a large population-based cohort of the Nordic Occupational Cancer (NOCCA) study. Methods This study is based on a cohort of almost 15 million persons from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, with 2898 nasopharyngeal cancer cases diagnosed in 1961–2005. The data on occupations were gathered from population censuses and cancer data from the national cancer registries. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using the national NPC incidence rates as the reference. Results There were 1980 male and 918 female NPC patients. The highest SIRs of NPC were observed among male waiters (SIR 3.69, 95% CI 1.91–6.45) and cooks and stewards (SIR 2.24, 95% CI 1.16–3.91). Among women, launderers had the highest SIR of NPC (2.04, 95% CI 1.02–3.65). Significantly decreased SIRs were found among male farmers (SIR 0.79, 95% CI 0.68–0.92) and male textile workers (SIR 0.49, 95% CI 0.22–0.93). Conclusions This study suggests that NPC may be associated with several work-related exposure agents such as smoking, kitchen air pollution and solvents. In future, occupational exposure-risk relations should be studied to understand more about causality and to assess effective prevention strategies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…Exposure to occupation-related agents such as formaldehyde and chlorophenol, wood and cotton dust, smokes, and combustion have been associated with the development of NPC [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Upper airways including the nasopharynx are directly affected by these often work-related exposures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational risk variation of nasopharyngeal cancer in the Nordic countries

Carpén

Gille

Hammarstedt‐Nordenvall

et al. 2022

BMC Cancer

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“…Consumption of alcoholic beverages has increased dramatically since the late 1970s in China, and high-risk drinking has reached epidemic proportions, with average annual percapita alcohol consumption rising from 2.5 L in 1978 to 4.9 L in 2009 [19]. Meanwhile, more people participate in industrial production due to rapid economic development, which may increase occupational risks including dust and chemical smoke exposure, and may have also contributed to the increased NPC occurrence [20]. Previous studies have indicated that the number of workers exposed to silica dust in China increased from 12 million in 2004 to 23 million in 2009 [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study indicated that the RRs of NPC incidence increased monotonously in males over all periods, and increased in females after 2010. Regarding males, this may be related to their above-mentioned continuing increase in NPC risk factor exposure [20]. For females, although their exposure to risk factors such as smoking and drinking is lower than for males, exposure to NPC risk factors continues to increase with constant changes in Chinese culture and large improvements in the social economy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and mortality trends of nasopharynx cancer from 1990 to 2019 in China: an age-period-cohort analysis

Bai

Sun

et al. 2022

BMC Public Health

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Background Nasopharynx cancer (NPC) is a great health burden in China. This study explored the long-term trends of NPC incidence and mortality in China. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 using an age-period-cohort framework. Results The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of NPC increased by 72.7% and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of NPC decreased by 51.7% for both sexes between 1990 and 2019. For males, the local drift for incidence was higher than 0 (P < 0.05) in those aged 20 to 79 years. For females, the local drift was higher than 0 (P < 0.05) in those aged 30 to 59 years, and lower than 0 (P < 0.05) in those aged 65 to 84 years. The local drift for mortality rates were less than 0 (P < 0.05) in every age group for both sexes. The estimated period relative risks (RRs) for incidence of NPC were increased monotonically for males, and increased for females after 2000. The increasing trend of cohort RRs of incidence was ceased in recent birth cohorts. Both period and cohort effects of NPC mortality in China decreased monotonically. Conclusions Over the last three decades, the ASMR and crude mortality rate (CMR) of NPC has decreased, but the ASIR and crude incidence rate (CIR) increased in China. Although the potential mortality risk of NPC decreased, the risk of NPC incidence was found to increase as the period move forward, and suggested that control and prevention efforts should be enhanced.

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“…This leads one to ponder what factors could contribute to the discrepancy in EBV infection and nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis. Occupational exposures, exhausts, smoke, and caustic agents are also associated with increased risk of NPC, both in endemic regions and otherwise [169]. Diet and air quality have also been linked to disease incidence [144].…”

Section: Does the Microbiome Play A Role In Nasopharyngeal Carcinogen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

It Takes Two to Tango: A Review of Oncogenic Virus and Host Microbiome Associated Inflammation in Head and Neck Cancer

McKeon

Gallant

Kim

et al. 2022

Cancers

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While the two primary risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are alcohol and tobacco, viruses account for an important and significant upward trend in HNSCC incidence. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent for a subset of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC)—a cancer that is impacting a rapidly growing group of typically middle-aged non-smoking white males. While HPV is a ubiquitously present (with about 1% of the population having high-risk oral HPV infection at any one time), less than 1% of those infected with high-risk strains develop OPSCC—suggesting that additional cofactors or coinfections may be required. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a similarly ubiquitous virus that is strongly linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Both of these viruses cause cellular transformation and chronic inflammation. While dysbiosis of the human microbiome has been associated with similar chronic inflammation and the pathogenesis of mucosal diseases (including OPSCC and NPC), a significant knowledge gap remains in understanding the role of bacterial-viral interactions in the initiation, development, and progression of head and neck cancers. In this review, we utilize the known associations of HPV with OPSCC and EBV with NPC to investigate these interactions. We thoroughly review the literature and highlight how perturbations of the pharyngeal microbiome may impact host-microbiome-tumor-viral interactions—leading to tumor growth.

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Occupational exposures and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a high‐risk area: A population‐based case‐control study

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Occupational risk variation of nasopharyngeal cancer in the Nordic countries

Occupational risk variation of nasopharyngeal cancer in the Nordic countries

Incidence and mortality trends of nasopharynx cancer from 1990 to 2019 in China: an age-period-cohort analysis

It Takes Two to Tango: A Review of Oncogenic Virus and Host Microbiome Associated Inflammation in Head and Neck Cancer

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