Occupational exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and the risk of prostate cancer

Peters, Cheryl; Demers, Paul A.; Kalia, Sunil; Hystad, Perry; Villeneuve, Paul J.; Nicol, Anne‐Marie; Kreiger, Nancy; Koehoorn, Mieke

doi:10.1136/oemed-2016-103567

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In addition, there is evidence that common genetic variations in xenobiotic metabolic enzymes can modulate the PCa risk associated with agricultural exposures [ 54 ], which was not accounted for in our analyses. Farmers may also be exposed to very high levels of ultraviolet radiation which may have a protective effect on PCa over several decades [ 55 ]. However, cumulative exposure in our study is not likely to be high due to the duration of employment of subjects ever employed as farmers was mostly less than 10 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupation, industry, and the risk of prostate cancer: a case-control study in Montréal, Canada

2016

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BackgroundAge, family history and ancestry are the only recognized risk factors for prostate cancer (PCa) but a role for environmental factors is suspected. Due to the lack of knowledge on the etiological factors for PCa, studies that are both hypothesis-generating and confirmatory are still needed. This study explores relationships between employment, by occupation and industry, and PCa risk.MethodsCases were 1937 men aged ≤75 years with incident PCa diagnosed across Montreal French hospitals in 2005-2009. Controls were 1994 men recruited concurrently from electoral lists of French-speaking Montreal residents, frequency-matched to cases by age. In-person interviews elicited occupational histories. Unconditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the association between employment across 696 occupations and 613 industries and PCa risk, adjusting for potential confounders. Multinomial logistic models assessed risks by PCa grade. Semi-Bayes (SB) adjustment accounted for the large number of associations evaluated.ResultsConsistently positive associations—and generally robust to SB adjustment—were found for occupations in forestry and logging (OR 1.9, 95 % CI: 1.2–3.0), social sciences (OR 1.6, 95 % CI: 1.1–2.2) and for police officers and detectives (OR: 1.8, 95 % CI 1.1–2.9). Occupations where elevated risk of high grade PCa was found included gasoline station attendants (OR 4.3, 95 % CI 1.8–10.4) and textile processing occupations (OR 1.8, 95 % CI 1.1–3.2). Aside from logging, industries with elevated PCa risk included provincial government and financial institutions. Occupations with reduced risk included farmers (OR 0.6, 95 % CI 0.4–1.0) and aircraft maintenance workers (OR 0.1, 95 % CI 0.0–0.7).ConclusionsExcess PCa risks were observed across several occupations, including predominantly white collar workers. Further analyses will focus on specific occupational exposures.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-016-0185-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupation, industry, and the risk of prostate cancer: a case-control study in Montréal, Canada

2016

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“…Several factors could explain these observations. First, these occupations entail mainly outdoors activities and workers may be exposed to high levels of ultraviolet radiation and vitamin D production in the skin which may have a protective effect on prostate cancer development [28]. However, employment in agriculture, forestry and fishing, landscape services, with long duration of exposure to solar radiation, was not likely to associate with low risk of prostate cancer in our study.…”

Section: Student T-test; B Chi2 Testmentioning

confidence: 63%

Prostate cancer: an occupational hazard in Romania?

Mateș¹,

Calota²,

Oțelea

et al. 2019

Romanian Journal of Occupational Medicine

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Several occupational carcinogens (arsenic, cadmium) and industries (rubber production) have been associated with prostate cancer risk but most of the data are from studies conducted on screened populations. Here we explored this association in Romanian men, a population with low PSA screening test coverage. We have analyzed 468 prostate cancer cases pathologically confirmed and 495 non-cancer hospital controls, recruited in the ROMCAN project. Personal information, including occupational activity, was collected through interview. Two experts classified jobs and activities into 15 economic sectors with similar patterns of exposure. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ever employed in each economic sector and prostate cancer risk. We observed a higher non adjusted risk for employment in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply activities (OR=3.95, p=0.029), manufacturing–light industry (OR=1.88, p=0.039), financial, insurance and gambling (OR=1.44, p=0.046) and a lower risk for employment in construction industry (OR=0.62, p=0.010). After adjusting for potential confounders, only the low risk in construction workers was maintained (OR=0.55, p=0.004). Our study provides some evidence on the role of occupational factors on the prostate cancer risk but further assessments are needed. Healthy lifestyle promotion and prevention should be reinforced at workplaces.

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“…A plurality of studies were conducted in Canada (5 of 11 studies, which equates to 45.5%) [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 42 , 43 ]. The United States contributed two studies, making up 18.2% of reviewed studies [ 40 , 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research project collected a wide range of data on various health outcomes, including prostate cancer and associated risk factors, enabling researchers to draw from a vast pool of pre-existing data. Meanwhile, the studies conducted by Peremiquel-Trillas et al in 2019 and Peters et al in 2016 utilized a job exposure matrix (JEM) [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmasking the Hidden Danger: A Decade-Long Systematic Review of Case–Control Studies on Single Occupational Risks and Prostate Cancer

Ledda,

Bracci,

Spadafora

et al. 2023

Life

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The present systematic review addresses the influence of occupational exposures on prostate cancer risk. Eleven studies were analyzed for a range of occupational exposures, including but not limited to firefighting, physical activity, night shift work, chemical exposure, and solar ultraviolet radiation. The results of the review reveal that firefighters exposed to harmful substances, individuals engaged in physically strenuous work, and workers with chronic night shift routines showed an increased likelihood of developing prostate cancer. Moreover, the review identified an increased risk associated with exposure to certain chemicals, including alkylphenolic compounds and benzene-related substances. The evidence underscores the importance of considering the cumulative effect of multiple risk factors in a comprehensive risk assessment. However, the conclusions indicate the necessity for further research to deepen these relationships and develop more effective strategies for the prevention of prostate cancer.

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Occupational exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and the risk of prostate cancer

Abstract: This study found limited evidence for an association with prostate cancer, with the exception of 1 statistically significant finding of a decreased risk among workers with the longest term and highest sun exposure.

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Occupation, industry, and the risk of prostate cancer: a case-control study in Montréal, Canada

Occupation, industry, and the risk of prostate cancer: a case-control study in Montréal, Canada

Prostate cancer: an occupational hazard in Romania?

Unmasking the Hidden Danger: A Decade-Long Systematic Review of Case–Control Studies on Single Occupational Risks and Prostate Cancer

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