Occupational exposure to pesticides and consequences on male semen and fertility: A review

Mehrpour, Omid; Karrari, Parissa; Zamani, Nasim; Tsatsakis, Aristidis; Abdollahi, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.01.029

Cited by 203 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…They may also alter the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), the luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels; lower activity/level of antioxidant enzymes in the testes; and inhibit testicular steroidogenesis. Furthermore, dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites have estrogenic effects on males (Mehrpour et al, 2014). Pesticides and EDs have several biological adverse effects in females as well (Petrakis et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of pesticide exposure with human congenital abnormalities

Kalliora

Mamoulakis

Vasilopoulos

et al. 2018

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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Human pesticide exposure can occur both occupationally and environmentally during manufacture and after the application of indoor and outdoor pesticides, as well as through consumption via residues in food and water. There is evidence from experimental studies that numerous pesticides, either in isolation or in combination, act as endocrine disruptors, neurodevelopmental toxicants, immunotoxicants, and carcinogens. We reviewed the international literature on this subject for the years between 1990 and 2017. The studies were considered in this review through MEDLINE and WHO resources. Out of the n = 1817 studies identified, n = 94 were reviewed because they fulfilled criteria of validity and addressed associations of interest. Epidemiological studies have provided limited evidence linking pre- and post-natal exposure to pesticides with cancers in childhood, neurological deficits, fetal death, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, and congenital abnormalities (CAs). In this review, the potential association between pesticide exposure and the appearance of some human CAs (including among others musculoskeletal abnormalities; neural tube defects; urogenital and cardiovascular abnormalities) was investigated. A trend towards a positive association between environmental or occupational exposure to some pesticides and some CAs was detected, but this association remains to be substantiated. Main limitations of the review include inadequate exposure assessment and limited sample size. Adequately powered studies with precise exposure assessments such as biomonitoring, are warranted to clarify with certainty the potential association between pesticide exposure and human CAs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of pesticide exposure with human congenital abnormalities

Kalliora

Mamoulakis

Vasilopoulos

et al. 2018

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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“…Although there are reports demonstrating a trend of rising male infertility and subfertility in recent decades since the 1980s based on analysis of semen quality, such as reducing sperm counts in various countries [2,3], including a rise of testicular cancer [4], others failed to confirm these observations since there are regional variations [5,6]. Recent studies, however, have generally confirmed that the trend of reducing male fertility based on sperm counts and semen analyses is likely the result of an increase in exposure of men to environmental toxicants – an emerging determining key factor that links reduced sperm counts and infertility [7,8]. However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which environmental toxicants induce male reproductive dysfunction remain unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sertoli cells are the target of environmental toxicants in the testis – a mechanistic and therapeutic insight

Gao

Mruk

Cheng

2015

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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Introduction Sertoli cells support germ cell development in the testis via an elaborate network of cell junctions that confers structural, communicating, and signaling support. However, Sertoli cell junctions and cytoskeletons are the target of environmental toxicants. Because germ cells rely on Sertoli cells for the provision of structural/functional/nutritional support, exposure of males to toxicants leads to germ cell exfoliation due to Sertoli cell injuries. Interestingly, the molecular mechanism(s) by which toxicants induce cytoskeletal disruption that leads to germ cell exfoliation is unclear, until recent years, which are discussed herein. This information can possibly be used to therapeutically manage toxicant-induced infertility/subfertility in human males. Areas covered In this review, we provide a brief update on the use of Sertoli cell system developed for rodents and humans in vitro, which can be deployed in any research laboratory with minimal upfront setup costs. These systems can be used to collect reliable data applicable to studies in vivo. We also discuss the latest findings on the mechanisms by which toxicants induce Sertoli cell injury, in particular cytoskeletal disruption. We also identify candidate molecules that are likely targets of toxicants. Expert opinion We provide two hypothetical models delineating the mechanism by which toxicants induce germ cell exfoliation and blood–testis barrier disruption. We also discuss molecules that are the targets of toxicants as therapeutic candidates.

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“…Although the acute toxic effects resulting from pesticide exposure are easily recognized in these subjects, the effects resulting from long-term exposure to low doses are often difficult to assess (3,4). Several studies have reported associations between exposure to agricultural chemicals and various deleterious health outcomes, including effects on the immune, hematological, nervous, endocrine and reproductive systems (5)(6)(7). These compounds have also been associated with DNA damage in human populations (8,9), various types of cancer (10)(11)(12)(13)(14) and degenerative diseases (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress biomarkers and paraoxonase 1 polymorphism frequency in farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides

Costa

Gangemi

Giambò

et al. 2015

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. Previous evidence has demonstrated that chemical classes of pesticides, including organophosphates (OP), can induce oxidative stress in exposed workers. The resulting increase in free radicals causes damage to biological macromolecules, and promotes the formation of novel compounds, including advanced glycation end products (AGE) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP). The present study aimed to evaluate the common genetic polymorphisms of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene in a group of 55 farmers exposed to pesticides, as well as the association between these polymorphisms and serum levels of AGE and AOPP. The 192Q wild-type (WT) allele was present at a significantly higher frequency, compared with the 192R mutated allele (0.74 and 0.26, respectively). The WT allele was predominantly represented by the homozygote 192QQ genotype (51%). The mutated 192QR heterozygotic allele was prevalent, at a frequency of 45.4%, whereas the mutated homozygotes were present at a frequency of 3.6%. A significant decrease in the levels of AGE and AOPP was observed in farmers exhibiting the homozygotic 192RR mutated genotype (14,7221 AU/ml and 0.64 nmol/ml, respectively), compared with the WT genotype (16,1400 AU/ml and 1.76 nmol/ml, respectively), and 192QR genotype (15,2312 AU/ml and 1.60 nmol/ml, respectively). Therefore, due to the high catalytic activity of PON1, the 192RR genotype provides an important genetic predictor of the toxic effects associated with OP pesticide exposure. It determines a minor risk of developing oxidative damage following pesticide exposure, and measuring the levels of AOPP may provide a novel biomarker for oxidative damage in subjects exposed to OP.

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Occupational exposure to pesticides and consequences on male semen and fertility: A review

Cited by 203 publications

References 86 publications

Association of pesticide exposure with human congenital abnormalities

Association of pesticide exposure with human congenital abnormalities

Sertoli cells are the target of environmental toxicants in the testis – a mechanistic and therapeutic insight

Oxidative stress biomarkers and paraoxonase 1 polymorphism frequency in farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides

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