Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids and use of human immunodeficiency virus post-exposure prophylaxis amongst nurses in a Gauteng Province hospital

Rasweswe, Melitah Molatelo; Peu, Mmapheko Doriccah

doi:10.4102/hsag.v25i0.1252

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the current study, 51.3% of respondents who were exposed did not report their exposure. This finding is comparable to that of a study conducted among HCWs in the Eastern Region of Ghana, which reports that 49.3% of the participants did not report their exposure (Babanawo, 2016) and that of a study conducted among nurses in the Gauteng provincial hospital, South Africa, in which 46% of those exposed did not report their exposure (Rasweswe & Peu, 2020). The reasons for not reporting exposure in the current study included participants not knowing whom to report to (10.0%); being unaware of the availability of PEP (13.3%) and the source of exposure being an HIV-negative patient (48.3%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The reasons for not reporting exposure in the current study included participants not knowing whom to report to (10.0%); being unaware of the availability of PEP (13.3%) and the source of exposure being an HIV-negative patient (48.3%). Similar reasons were given for not reporting in studies conducted in the New Juabeng Municipality in the Eastern Region of Ghana and in the Gauteng provincial hospital in South Africa (Babanawo, 2016;Rasweswe & Peu, 2020). It is important that frontline HCWs of the Ho Teaching Hospital be taken through the algorithm of reporting injury should they experience needle-prick or be occupationally exposed to HIV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Predictors of adherence to HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis protocol among frontline healthcare workers at the Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana

Suglo

Aku

Anaman-Torgbor

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a global public health threat, and all frontline Health care workers (HCWs) are at a higher risk of exposure to body fluids from potential HIV patients and to sharp instruments. Though timely Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) decreases the possibility of seroconversion to HIV after occupational exposure, most HCWs rarely adhere to the PEP protocol. This study aims to determine the predictors of adherence to PEP among frontline healthcare workers in the Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 199 frontline HCWs. Data were collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using STATA version 14 software. Binomial logistic regression was performed at the 0.05 level of significance and 95% confidence interval. Findings: Overall, 17.9% of HCWs adhered to PEP. Frontline HCWs who perceived they had low and very low risk of occupational exposure to HIV transmission were 96% [AOR = 0.04 (95% C.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Predictors of adherence to HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis protocol among frontline healthcare workers at the Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana

Suglo

Aku

Anaman-Torgbor

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Health care workers are at an increased risk of contracting HIV after an occupational injury or exposure to infectious materials, such as blood, body tissue, body fluids, and contaminated environmental surfaces 4 with 3/1000 injuries resulting in HIV transmission after percutaneous exposure from an HIV-infected patient in health settings. 5 Percutaneous injury, usually inflicted by a hollow-bore needle, is the most common mechanism of occupational HIV transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Occupational Exposure to HIV and Factors Associated with Compliance with Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Health Workers of the Biyem-Assi, Buea, and Limbe Health Districts of Cameroon Maternal and Child Health and AIDS

et al. 2022

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Background: Although a few studies have assessed occupational exposure and knowledge on post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV among health care workers (HCWs), limited information is available on the factors that influence the use of HIV PEP among HCWs after occupational exposure in Cameroon. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of occupational exposure to HIV infection and identify factors (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) that influence compliance to the use of HIV PEP among HCWs in the Biyem-Assi, Buea, and Limbe health districts. Methods: A stratified cross-sectional study was carried out among health care workers from the Biyem-Assi, Buea, and Limbe health districts of Cameroon. A structured questionnaire adapted from previous studies was administered on the socio-demographic status, occupational exposure to biological agents as well as information on knowledge, awareness of PEP guidelines, attitude, and practice of the HCWs towards HIV PEP. Results: Of the 312 participants, 198 (63.5%) experienced an occupational injury, and 240 (76.9%) had a good attitude towards HIV PEP. Age, place of work, and inadequate knowledge were determinants of occupational exposure. Whereas, awareness of PEP guidelines and being a medical doctor influenced compliance with HIV PEP, with 158 (51.0%) having adequate knowledge of the guidelines. Out of the 198 who experienced occupational injury, 114 (57.6%) adopted the good practice and 60 (30.3%) made use of HIV PEP. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Over half of health care workers had occupational exposure to HIV with poor utilization of post-exposure prophylaxis though they were aware and knowledgeable of PEP guidelines and exhibited good practice. Compliance with HIV PEP utilization was influenced by gender, awareness of PEP guidelines, and specialty of the health care worker. Copyright © 2022 Eyong et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

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“…Some participants in this study were even unaware of the reporting process entirely. Similarly to a previous study, some nurses expressed that they did not know where to report such incidents [ 39 ]. In addition, some participants thought they would not be infected even after the exposure, and some expressed fear of being criticized and facing discrimination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and influence factors of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids in registered Chinese nurses: a national cross-sectional study

Zhang

Guan

et al. 2022

BMC Nurs

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Background Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids poses a threat to medical providers and to nurses especially. This harm is not only physical, but psychology as well and can ultimately impact patient safety. This study aims to understand the prevalence of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among Chinese registered nurses and explores the factors that influence this exposure. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted for 31 province-level divisions in China, using a self-created questionnaire entitled Status Survey on Occupational Exposure in Nurses. Descriptive statistics were used to describe both the demographic characteristics of the respondents and the characteristics of occupational exposure. Categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentage, and the relationship between possible influential factors and the occurrence of occupational exposure was determined using binary logistic regression. Results Out of a total of 20,791 nurses analyzed, over half (52.1%) of them had experienced occupational exposure to blood or body fluids, but over 1/3 (34.6%) of them did not ever report their exposures to a supervisor/official. The top three causes of under-reporting were: the source patient failed to test positive for infectious pathogens (43.6%), perception of a burdensome reporting process (24.6%), and indifferent attitude towards being infected (16.9%). Nurses who worked over 8 hours per day had higher risks of exposure (OR 1.199, 95% CI 1.130 to 1.272, P < 0.001, respectively). The occupational exposure risk from providing 1–2 types of PPE is 1.947 times that of providing 9–10 types of PPE (OR 1.947, 95% CI 1.740 to 2.178, P < 0.001). Likewise, the occupational exposure risk of providing 1–2 types of safety-engineered injection devices is 1.275 times of that of providing 5–6 types (OR 1.275, 95% CI 1.179 to 1.379, P < 0.001). Conclusions Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids in registered nurses is common, but the rate of under-reporting such exposure is high. Implementing engineered “sharp” injury prevention devices, following exposure prevention procedures, giving sufficient education and training to healthcare personnel on exposure prevention and control, and developing exposure reporting policies are all steps that can both reduce exposure and increase its reporting.

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Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids and use of human immunodeficiency virus post-exposure prophylaxis amongst nurses in a Gauteng Province hospital

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Predictors of adherence to HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis protocol among frontline healthcare workers at the Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana

Predictors of adherence to HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis protocol among frontline healthcare workers at the Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana

Prevalence of Occupational Exposure to HIV and Factors Associated with Compliance with Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Health Workers of the Biyem-Assi, Buea, and Limbe Health Districts of Cameroon Maternal and Child Health and AIDS

Prevalence and influence factors of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids in registered Chinese nurses: a national cross-sectional study

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