Occupational exposure assessment for power frequency electromagnetic fields

Measurements of Electric and Magnetic Fields Due to the Operation of Indoor Power Distribution Substations

“…In 0885-8977/$20.00 © 2005 IEEE [14], an integral approach method is used for magnetic-field measurements in a 69-kV SF6 gas-insulated substation in Taiwan. Reference [15] shows the results of an initial series of measurements carried out to determine the levels of EMFs in various indoor and outdoor environments (power transmission lines, power cables, substations, domestic electrical equipment) associated with occupational and residential exposure. Finally, in [16] and [17], shielding is proposed for an in-house secondary substation in Sweden in order to mitigate the magnetic field.…”

Study of power frequency radiation to axis-symmetric human model implanted with pacemaker

“…Power generating stations, high-voltage high current transmission lines and cables, wireless communication devices are the examples of the EMI sources affecting the EM environment and human safety. These issues have been well investigated in previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

“…The number of tetrahedral with more than 190,000 has been created in solving the value of the induced magnetic field of the pacemaker. The induced voltage (V ui ) in the unipolar pacemaker due to the power frequency magnetic field radiation can be calculated from the Faraday's Law : (1) where B is a rate of change of magnetic flux density B respect to time in vector form, S is a surface area in vector form. Assuming that there is an induced current path flows through the electrode and the housing with a straight line.…”

Energy harvesting for Wireless Sensors from electromagnetic fields around overhead power lines

“…The electric field strength for the 132kV line in question at 4 meter above the ground was adopted as 2kV/m [14] [15] [16] and the research focused on this field strength. Both the voltage level and the frequency of an electricity grid are closely regulated by the utility company and no large variations were expected [20].…”