Occupational contact allergy to cysteamine hydrochloride in permanent-wave solutions

Isaksson, Marléne; Walle, Henk van der

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2006.01019.x

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Cysteamine HCl, which is included typically at concentrations between 5% and 12% [after ], has been identified as an ‘emerging allergen’ in a recent study , albeit based on just one positive reaction in 12 hairdressers tested. A previous report has described one case and a clinical series, in which (in The Netherlands), among 1347 hairdressers patch tested in 1994–2004 with 0.5% cysteamine HCl, 16 positive patch test reactions, all assessed as being of current clinical relevance, were found . Even earlier, a case of contact sensitization to cysteamine HCl in a hairdresser was described in the United States; patch testing with 1% pet.…”

Section: Waving and Straightening Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patch testing with hair cosmetic series in Europe: a critical review and recommendation

et al. 2015

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Summary Many key ingredients of hair cosmetics (in particular, dyes, bleaches, and hair‐styling agents) are potent (strong to extreme) contact allergens. Some heterogeneity is apparent from published results concerning the range of allergens for which patch testing is important. The objective of the present review was to collect information on the current practice of using ‘hair cosmetic series’, and discuss this against the background of evidence concerning consumer/professional exposure and regulatory aspects to finally derive a recommendation for a ‘European hair cosmetic series’. The methods involved (i) a survey targeting all members of the COST action ‘StanDerm’ (TD1206) consortium, (ii) analysis of data in the database of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA), and (iii) literature review. Information from 19 European countries was available, partly from national networks, and partly from one or several departments of dermatology or, occasionally, occupational medicine. Apart from some substances being tested only in single departments, a broad overlap regarding ‘important’ allergens was evident. Some of the substances are no longer permitted for use in cosmetics (Annex II of the Cosmetics Regulation). An up‐to‐date ‘European hair cosmetics series’, as recommended in the present article, should (i) include broadly used and/or potent contact allergens, (ii) eliminate substances of only historical concern, and (iii) be continually updated as new evidence emerges.

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Section: Waving and Straightening Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patch testing with hair cosmetic series in Europe: a critical review and recommendation

et al. 2015

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“…Although cysteamine is typically more expensive than other reducing agents such as thioglycolic acid and cysteine, cysteamine has the following advantages as a cosmetic ingredient: 1) reduction can occur at a more neutral pH and 2) less hair damage occurs compared with conventional reducing agents (20). Cases of cysteamine-induced allergic contact dermatitis are rare, but some patch test studies demonstrated positive results (7,8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Cysteamine and Cystamine in Cosmetics by Ion-Pairing Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Kim

2019

ToxicolRes

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Cysteamine has been used in cosmetics as an antioxidant, a hair straightening agent, and a hair waving agent. However, recent studies indicate that cysteamine can act as an allergen to hairdressers. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a simple and effective reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the measurement of cysteamine and its dimer, cystamine. Sodium 1-heptanesulfonate (NaH-pSO) was used as an ion-pairing agent to improve chromatographic performance. Separation was performed on a Gemini C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm particle size) using a mobile phase composed of 85:15 (v/v) 4 mM NaHpSO in 0.1% phosphoric acid:acetonitrile. UV absorbance was monitored at 215 nm. The RP-HPLC method developed in this study was validated for specificity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, precision, accuracy, and recovery. Cysteamine and cystamine were chromatographically resolved from other reducing agents such as thioglycolic acid and cysteine. Extraction using water and chloroform resulted in the recovery for cysteamine and cystamine ranging from 100.2-102.7% and 90.6-98.7%, respectively. This validated RP-HPLC method would be useful for quality control and monitoring of cysteamine and cystamine in cosmetics.

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“…The active chemicals used to create permanent waves are salts and esters of thioglycolic acid, l ‐cysteine, and cysteamine HCl. Contact dermatitis caused by cysteamine HCl is reportedly rare, and all cases were related to occupational use …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 2001, cysteamine hydrochloride (HCl) has become a common ingredient of permanent waving products in Japan . Cases of allergic contact dermatitis caused by cysteamine HCl are still considered to be rare; however, it was frequently positive in a multicentre patch test study in which we participated …”

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confidence: 99%

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by cysteamine hydrochloride in permanent wave agent—A new allergen for hairdressers in Japan

Nishioka¹,

Koizumi²,

Takita³

2018

Contact Dermatitis

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In addition to the Japanese baseline allergen series version 2008,11 we used cysteamine HCl 1% and 0.5% pet. (Table S1). We also included the participants' own perming solutions, as used by them at the salon, for open tests. RESULTSDetails of the 3 male and 4 female hairdressers, ranging in age from 22 to 73 years, are shown in Table S2. Regarding the cysteamine HCl patch tests, 5 patients showed positive reactions to both 1% and 0.5%. One patient showed a positive reaction to 1% alone, and the other patient, who had a positive reaction to 0.5%, had not been tested with 1% (Table 1). The results of the open test showed that, among 6 patients tested with the reducing agent of the permanent wave products, 5 showed erythema, partly oedema, or papules. Moreover, 6 patients also showed strong positive reactions to components of oxidative hair dye products and related substances. On the other hand, none of the 7 patients showed a positive reaction to ammonium thioglycolate. DISCUSSIONThe active chemicals used to create permanent waves are salts and esters of thioglycolic acid, L-cysteine, and cysteamine HCl. Contact dermatitis caused by cysteamine HCl is reportedly rare, and all cases were related to occupational use. 8,9 On the other hand, Tanita et al reported that 18.8% of 48 hairdressers showed positive patch test reactions to cysteamine 1% pet.in Japan. 12 In a Japanese multicentre study, 10 4.5% of patients (6/132) showed positive patch test reactions to cysteamine HCl 0.5% pet., and 12.6% (24/191) showed positive patch test reactions to cysteamine HCl 1% pet. Although 1% cysteamine HCl had exclusively been used for patch testing, the multicentre study showed that 1% cysteamine HCl may cause false-positive reactions, so a 0.5% concentration was regarded as being more suitable. 10

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Occupational contact allergy to cysteamine hydrochloride in permanent-wave solutions

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Patch testing with hair cosmetic series in Europe: a critical review and recommendation

Patch testing with hair cosmetic series in Europe: a critical review and recommendation

Simultaneous Determination of Cysteamine and Cystamine in Cosmetics by Ion-Pairing Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by cysteamine hydrochloride in permanent wave agent—A new allergen for hairdressers in Japan

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