Occupational airborne exposure of the general population of a Norwegian county.

Bakke, Per; Baste,; Hanoa, Rolf; Gulsvik, Amund

doi:10.5271/sjweh.1609

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A study in the western part of Norway revealed lifetime prevalences of exposure to asbestos, quartz, and welding fumes among males aged 35 to 54 years of 37%, 18%, and 27% respectively (13), which is in accordance with the present results. On the other hand, in the previous study in the county of Telemark, 18% of males born before 1942 had been asbestos-exposed as recorded by an almost identically worded questionnaire as in the present study (8).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Identification of subjects with occupational exposure to asbestos, quartz, and welding fumes in the general population of Telemark, Norway

Waage¹,

Hilt²

2009

Nor J Epidemiol

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A questionnaire survey on the lifetime exposure to asbestos, quartz, and welding fumes among males aged 38-48 years (n=9,186) and females aged 40-43 years (n=3,495) in the county of Telemark, Norway was carried out in 1989-90. The overall response rate was 72%. A total of 42.9% of the males and 39.8% of the females were current smokers. Among the male responders, 32.5%, 16.4%, 21.1%, and 10.5% had been exposed at any time to asbestos, quartz, welding fumes, and stainless steel welding fumes respectively. The figures for exposure among female responders were negligible, i.e. 0.7%, 0.5%, 0.5%, and 0.1% respectively. The mean reported duration of exposure for the exposed subjects was 9.8 years for asbestos, 8.8 years for quartz, and 11.3 years for welding fumes. Subjects reporting any one of the exposure factors were more likely to be smokers. Exposure at the time of the survey was reported by 13.8% among the asbestos-exposed subjects, and by 22.7% and 34.4% among those exposed to quartz and welding fumes respectively. The need for primary intervention is emphasized. Smoking intervention in those already exposed to any of these determinants for lung cancer is also needed, as tobacco smoke may increase the lung cancer risk further.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Identification of subjects with occupational exposure to asbestos, quartz, and welding fumes in the general population of Telemark, Norway

Waage¹,

Hilt²

2009

Nor J Epidemiol

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“…This is further strengthened in our survey since the outcome variable was based only on objective spirometric measurements. The validity of an identical question to that used in our survey on occupational quartz exposure has in a previous cross sectional community study in the same area shown a high specificity (98%) and a low sensitivity (36%) 2. For a given exposure with a low prevalence, a high specificity has a greater effect on the estimated outcome variable than a high sensitivity 22.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Crystalline silica is the most abundant element in quartz. In 1985 occupational quartz exposure was reported on self administered questionnaires by 9% of all men aged 30–49 years living in this area 2. The main industries with such exposure included construction work, sandblasting, tunnelling, road work, mining, and foundry work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of years of occupational quartz exposure with spirometric airflow limitation in Norwegian men aged 30-46 years

Humerfelt

Eide

Gulsvik

1998

Thorax

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Background-The association between occupational quartz exposure and ventilatory function was investigated in men in a general population after adjusting for other potential determinants of outcome. Methods-All eligible men aged 30-46 years living in western Norway (n = 45 380) were invited to a cross sectional community survey. This included a self administered questionnaire (with respiratory symptoms, smoking habits and occupational exposures), spirometric recordings (using dry wedge bellow spirometers), and a chest radiograph (65% attendance). Measurements of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were obtained in 91% (n = 26 803) of those who participated, 26 106 of whom performed successful spirometric tests and had normal chest radiographs and remained for further analysis. Age, body mass index, and technician standardised residuals ((observed minus predicted value)/residual standard error) of maximum FEV 1 /height 2 and FVC/height 2 were used as outcome variables for adjusted lung function levels, respectively. Results-Occupational quartz exposure was reported by 13% (n = 3445) of those who participated in the survey, with a mean duration of seven years. Among those exposed to quartz, significant inverse linear relationships were observed between years of exposure and FEV 1 level and the ratio of FEV 1 /FVC, independent of host characteristics. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the difference in FEV 1 associated with each year of quartz exposure was -4.3 ml (95% Cl -1.1 to -7.5 ml; p = 0.01) compared with -6.9 ml (95% Cl -4.7 to -9.1 ml; p<0.01) from smoking 20 cigarettes/day for one year after adjusting for age, atopy, asthma, wheezing, marital status, and other occupational exposures. Conclusion-In men aged 30-46 years with occupational quartz exposure and normal chest radiographs the duration of occupational quartz exposure was an independent predictor for spirometric airflow limitation. (Thorax 1998;53:649-655)

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“…A JEM designed specifically for COPD is available [105]. To obtain the right information about the exposures from a JEM, the study participants must state all jobs they have had since leaving school or at least the longest job held and the current job, as well as the year of entering and leaving the job(s) [106]. A disadvantage of the JEM is that the work tasks and exposures in one occupation may vary from job to job, over time and between countries.…”

Section: Table 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for epidemiological studies on COPD

Bakke¹,

Rönmark²,

Eagan³

et al. 2011

Eur Respir J

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The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been extensively studied, especially in Western Europe and North America. Few of these data are directly comparable because of differences between the surveys regarding composition of study populations, diagnostic criteria of the disease and definitions of the risk factors. Few community studies have examined phenotypes of COPD and included other ways of characterising the disease beyond that of spirometry.The objective of the present Task Force report is to present recommendations for the performance of general population studies in COPD in order to facilitate comparable and valid estimates on COPD prevalence by various risk factors.Diagnostic criteria in epidemiological settings, and standardised methods to examine the disease and its potential risk factors are discussed. The paper also offers practical advice for planning and performing an epidemiological study on COPD.The main message of the paper is that thorough planning is worth half the study. It is crucial to stick to standardised methods and good quality control during sampling. We recommend collecting biological markers, depending on the specific objectives of the study. Finally, studies of COPD in the population at large should assess various phenotypes of the disease.

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Occupational airborne exposure of the general population of a Norwegian county.

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Identification of subjects with occupational exposure to asbestos, quartz, and welding fumes in the general population of Telemark, Norway

Identification of subjects with occupational exposure to asbestos, quartz, and welding fumes in the general population of Telemark, Norway

Association of years of occupational quartz exposure with spirometric airflow limitation in Norwegian men aged 30-46 years

Recommendations for epidemiological studies on COPD

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