Occupant pre-crash kinematics in rotated seat arrangements

Diederich, Alexander; Bastien, Christophe; Ekambaram, Karthikeyan; Wilson, Alexis

doi:10.1177/09544070211004504

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The CORA value of this ML prediction was compared to the Madymo X and Y displacement responses, considering the dispersion corridors evaluated in previous research. 11 6. The final level of kinematics validation, including AA and SBA was then performed and the same CORA technique from step 5 was applied.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Simcenter Madymo AHM has also been proven to provide good predictions of occupant kinematics during a pre-crash scenario and has been correlated using the CORA rating methodology against OM4IS test data for occupants wearing a lap belt and validated against UMTRI test data for occupants wearing a three-point seat belt. 11 During this study, the Simcenter Madymo AHM standard settings were found to be the most representative for occupants wearing a three-point seat belt, and as such those settings have been retained for the work presented here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 11 illustrates the derived kinematics envelop at the time of maximum displacement for each considered AA. The black dots indicate the median, while the grey areas indicate the dispersion corridors evaluated in previous research, 11 replacing the error bars for clarity reasons. From Figure 12, the kinematics envelop at the time t = 0.4 s can be observed.…”

Section: Applying the ML Model -Kinematics Envelop Prediction For 20°sbamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simulation environment used in this investigation involves creating a Reduced Order Model (ROM) of the occupants' kinematics using simulations with the Simcenter Madymo Active Human Model (AHM) in combination with a Machine Learning (ML) method based on Hexagon ODYSSEE Lunar software. In a previous study 11 the authors validated the kinematics response of the AHM using omnidirectional pre-crash manoeuvre data sets from OM4IS (Occupant Modelling for Integrated Safety, International Research Project, 2009-2012) and UMTRI (University of Michigan Transport Research Institute). 12,13 This work proved the capability of the AHM receiving a CORA (Correlation and Analysis 14 ) score of 0.84 (good).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prediction of autonomous vehicle occupants’ pre-crash motion during emergency braking scenarios

Diederich

Bastien

Blundell

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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This research investigates a computational method, which can assist the development of occupants’ passive safety in future autonomous vehicles, more particularly in the definition of head kinematics in rotated seat arrangement during emergency braking. To capture these head motions, the methodology utilised an Active Human Model, whose head kinematics were validated in a previous work in three-point and lap-belt restraint configuration scenarios. A sled model was then built where the seat backrest angle (SBA) and the seat orientation, modelled by rotating the acceleration angle (AA), could be adjusted to represent various ‘living room’ seating conditions. A Design of Experiments study was then performed by varying AA from 0° to 360° in steps of 22.5° and SBA from 20° to 60° in steps of 8°. The responses were subsequently converted into a Reduced Order Model (ROM), which was then successfully validated through a comparison with the kinematic responses predicted with simulations. In terms of simulation time, it was found that the ROM was able to calculate the head kinematics in 3 s instead of the 1.5 h taken using Simcenter Madymo, without compromising predicted responses accuracy. This research has provided a unique method to define head kinematics corridors for seated occupants in autonomous vehicle interiors, including maximum head excursion, head kinematics as a function of time and define for the first time (a) the safe “or’ but not both head envelope within the cabin interior, and (b) capture the seated scenarios where head proximity to airbag systems could be of concern, following emergency braking.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applying the ML Model -Kinematics Envelop Prediction For 20°sbamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prediction of autonomous vehicle occupants’ pre-crash motion during emergency braking scenarios

Diederich

Bastien

Blundell

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…Acceptance corridor was developed based on head trajectories resulting from pre-crash maneuvres ( Battaglia et al, 2013 ). Diederich et al (2021) extracted the occupants’ head kinematics envelope during braking for rotated seat arrangement wearing a lap-belted and 3-point seat belt. The integration of AEB and PPT seatbelts in frontal seat orientation was evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an integrated safety system for swivel seat arrangements in frontal crash

Zhao

Gao

McCoy

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Objective: Autonomous vehicles (Avs) have paved the way for the arrangement of swivel seats in vehicles, which could pose a challenge to traditional safety systems. The integration of automated emergency braking (AEB) and pre-pretension (PPT) seatbelts improves protection for a vehicle’s occupant. The objective of this study is to explore the control strategies of an integrated safety system for swiveled seating orientations.Methods: Occupant restraints were examined in various seating configurations using a single-seat model with a seat-mounted seatbelt. Seat orientation was set at different angles, from −45° to 45° with 15° increments. A pretension was used on the shoulder belt to represent an active belt force cooperating with AEB. A generic full frontal vehicle pulse of 20 mph was applied to the sled. The occupant’s kinematics response under various integrated safety system control strategies was analyzed by extracting a head pre-crash kinematics envelope. The injury values were calculated for various seating directions with or without an integrated safety system at the collision speed of 20 mph.Results: In a lateral movement, the excursions of the dummy head were 100 mm and 70 mm in the global coordinate system for negative and positive seat orientations, respectively. In the axial movement, the head traveled 150 mm and 180 mm in the global coordinate system for positive and negative seating directions, respectively. The 3-point seatbelt did not restrain the occupant symmetrically. The occupant experienced greater y-axis excursion and smaller x-axis excursion in the negative seat position. Various integrated safety system control strategies led to significant differences in head movement in the y direction. The integrated safety system reduced the occupant’s potential injury risks in different seating positions. When the AEB and PPT were activated, the absolute HIC15, brain injury criteria (BrIC), neck injury (Nij), and chest deflection were reduced in most seating directions. However, the pre-crash increased the injury risks at some seating positions.Conclusion: The pre-pretension seatbelt could reduce the occupant’s forward movement in the rotating seat positions in a pre-crash period. The occupant’s pre-crash motion envelope was generated, which could be beneficial to future restraint systems and vehicle interior design. The integrated safety system could reduce injuries in different seating orientations.

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Possibilities for further development of the driver's seat in the case of a non-conventional seating positions

Porkolab,

Lakatos

2024

Heliyon

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Occupant pre-crash kinematics in rotated seat arrangements

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

The prediction of autonomous vehicle occupants’ pre-crash motion during emergency braking scenarios

The prediction of autonomous vehicle occupants’ pre-crash motion during emergency braking scenarios

Effects of an integrated safety system for swivel seat arrangements in frontal crash

Possibilities for further development of the driver's seat in the case of a non-conventional seating positions

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