Occult hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant woman and its clinical implication

Kwon, Chang-II; Hwang, Seong Gyu; Shin, Seung Ju; Chang, Sung Woon; Kim, Su Youn; Ko, Kwang Hyun; Hong, Sung Pyo; Park, Pil Won; Rim, Kyu Sung; Kang, Minhee; Chung, Hyewon; Hong, Sun

doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01699.x

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In comparison with the prevalence of hp HBI among the pregnant women (approximately 3% to 4% [L.-N. Tao, personal communication]) and in the general population (7.2%) (2), the prevalence of hn HBI among the pregnant women is not statistically insignificant or is even higher (38), as indicated also by our results showing that the hn HBI prevalence was 10.2% (6/59) among the tested mothers. And the inability to routinely identify hn HBI in prenatal women means that they would be treated as non-HBV cases and that their newborns would receive the less effective HBV vaccination protocol (4).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen (HBsAg)-Positive and HBsAg-Negative Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Mother-Teenager Pairs 13 Years after Neonatal Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination

Yao

Dong

Wang

et al. 2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen (HBsAg)-Positive and HBsAg-Negative Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Mother-Teenager Pairs 13 Years after Neonatal Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination

Yao

Dong

Wang

et al. 2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Cord blood obtained from four of six individuals who were positive with both the HBV DNA methods, was HBV DNA negative. 56 Thus, the vertical transmission of occult HBV infection through cord blood although possible is not so high as to be a clinical problem, but warrants further investigation in population-based studies.…”

Section: Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Pregnancy

Kumar

Singh

Sinha

2012

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Planning of pregnancy and management of chronic hepatitis B virus during pregnancy includes recognition of maternal virological status, assessment of liver disease severity and minimization of risk for mother to infant transmission of infection. Decisions regarding the use of antivirals during pregnancy need to be individualized. Monitoring for infection and immunization in newborns is also important. For mothers on antiviral therapy, breastfeeding is not recommended. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2012;2:366-381) A pproximately 400 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide, 1 and almost half have acquired their infections either through mother to infant transmission or in early childhood, especially in countries where HBV has intermediate to high prevalence.2 In Asia, 8%-10% of the population is chronically infected with HBV, and up to 50% of new cases of hepatitis B infection are due to mother to infant transmission.3 In contrast, the majority of new hepatitis B cases in developed countries are the result of horizontal transmission in adulthood. Before the adoption of standard passive-active immunoprophylaxis treatment, approximately 70%-90% of infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive mothers became chronically infected with HBV. 4 The mother to infant transmission rate was reduced to 5%-10% when infants received appropriate postnatal hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) and a series of HBV vaccines. However, despite passive-active immunoprophylaxis provided to infants, up to 8%-30% of infants born to highly viremic mothers still become infected with HBV (Figures 1-3). This review will address several issues important to chronic hepatitis B virus infection and pregnancy including effect of pregnancy on chronic HBV infection, effect of chronic HBV infection on pregnancy, mother to infant transmission, safety data on HBV antivirals during pregnancy, management of chronic HBV infection in women who desire pregnancy or become pregnant while taking antivirals. PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN INDIAThe prevalence of chronic HBV infection varies widely, with rates ranging from 0.1% to 20% in different parts of the world.2 "High" prevalence (HBsAg positivity rates > 8%) regions include the Asia (except Japan), parts of the Middle East, sub-Saharan Africa, and the Amazon basin. "Intermediate" (2%-7% HBsAg positive) prevalence regions include, the Indian subcontinent, parts of central Asia and the Middle East, Eastern and Southern Europe, as well as parts of South America. "Low" prevalence (<2% HBsAg positive) regions include the United States, Northern Europe, Australia, Japan and the southern part of South America. Overall, 45% of the world population lives in "high" prevalence regions.The HBsAg positivity rate of Hepatitis B in India is different in the different regions of the country. The overall chronic HBsAg positivity rate is often quoted as being 4.7%.5 In India, the prevalence rate of HBsAg...

show abstract

“…Many studies have shown that prevalence of occult HBV infection in HBV endemic areas is higher than in Western countries, and the differences in its prevalence might be closely related to the endemicity of HBV infection [10,11] . In Korea, there have been some recent reports of occult HBV infection in outpatients of gastroenterology clinic [12] or in pregnant women [13] ; however, data in general populations are not available. The data in general populations are also limited worldwide [11] , especially for anti-HBc-negative healthy subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in a General Adult Population in Korea

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: We investigated the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers and occult HBV infection in a general adult population in Korea. Methods: HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc were analyzed on 1,091 samples of routine medical check-up examinees by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Nucleic acid amplification test (NAT) was performed on 1,047 HBsAg-negative samples by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit for simultaneous detection of HBV, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (Cobas Taqscreen MPX) in pools of six and reactive pools were resolved to individual samples, and further discriminated by PCR-based assay for HBV (Cobas Ampliscreen HBV). Results: The prevalences of HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs were 4.0, 39.3, and 75.4%, respectively. The prevalence of anti-HBc significantly decreased with decreasing age (p< 0.001). Occult HBV infection was found in 7 (0.7%) of 1,047 HBsAg-negative subjects, and 5 of them were anti-HBc-negative. Sequencing of HBV S gene in 3 cases revealed one wild-type and two mutant strains (W74S, F85Y; T63I, W74S, T131N substitutions). Conclusions: This study helps to understand the current status of hepatitis B infection and the prevalence of occult HBV infection in a general adult population in Korea.

show abstract

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant woman and its clinical implication

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen (HBsAg)-Positive and HBsAg-Negative Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Mother-Teenager Pairs 13 Years after Neonatal Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination

Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen (HBsAg)-Positive and HBsAg-Negative Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Mother-Teenager Pairs 13 Years after Neonatal Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination

Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Pregnancy

Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in a General Adult Population in Korea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About