Occluded Superior Mesenteric Artery and Vein. Therapy with the Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157

Abstract

Background. We investigated the occluded essential vessel tributaries, both arterial and venous, occluded superior mesenteric vein and artery in rats, consequent noxious syndrome, peripherally and centrally. As therapy, we hypothesized the rapidly activated alternative bypassing pathways, arterial and venous, and the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 since it rapidly alleviated venous occlusion syndromes. Methods. Assessments were performed for 30 min (gross recording, venography, ECG, pressure, microscopy, biochemistry, and oxidative stress), including portal hypertension, caval hypertension, aortal hypotension, and centrally, the superior sagittal sinus hypertension; systemic arterial and venous thrombosis, ECG disturbances, MDA-tissue increase, the multiple organs lesions, heart, lung, liver, kidney and gastrointestinal tract, including brain (swelling, and cortex (cerebral, cerebellar), hypothalamus/thalamus, hippocampus lesions). Rats received BPC 157 medication (10 µg/kg, 10 ng/kg) intraperitoneally at 1 min ligation-time. Results. BPC 157 rapidly activated collateral pathways. These collateral loops were the superior mesenteric vein-inferior anterior pancreaticoduodenal vein-superior anterior pancreaticoduodenal vein-pyloric vein-portal vein pathway, an alternative pathway toward inferior caval vein via the united middle colic vein and inferior mesenteric vein through the left colic vein, and the inferior anterior pancreaticoduodenal artery and inferior mesenteric artery. Consequently, BPC 157 counteracted the superior sagittal sinus, portal and caval hypertension, aortal hypotension, progressing venous and arterial thrombosis peripherally and centrally, ECG disturbances attenuated. Markedly, the multiple organs lesions, heart, lung, liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract, in particular, as well as brain lesions, and oxidative stress in tissues were attenuated. Conclusions. BPC 157 therapy rapidly recovered rats, which have complete occlusion of the superior mesenteric vein and artery.

Physiological and Immunological Status of Adult Honeybees (Apis mellifera) Fed Sugar Syrup Supplemented with Pentadecapeptide BPC 157

“…It exerts intestines endothelium protection and counteracts gastrointestinal lesions in rats and mice [ 19 ]. Of particular importance for the intestine integrity may be the therapy which activate collateral pathways to recovery occlusive syndromes [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. The molecular mechanisms of BPC have been studied in numerous studies including altered genes expression, angiogenesis, NO-system, oxidative stress markers, or prostaglandins system [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Heals Established Vesicovaginal Fistula and Counteracts Stone Formation in Rats

“…However, considering the proposed essential role of the ischemia in the falling course of the vesicovaginal fistulas [14], it may be stated that BPC 157 exhibits a particular effect on blood vessels [1][2][3][4], and may rapidly activate collateral pathways to circumvent major vessel occlusion, and reestablish blood flow and compensate otherwise imminent ischemic consequences. There is rapid counteracting effect noted in various severe permanent occlusion of major vessels-induced occlusive syndromes [47][48][49][50][51][52]. Likewise, BPC 157 maintained thrombocytes function (without interference with coagulation) [53][54][55], prevented thrombosis formation, and abrogated already advanced thrombosis that may be associated with vessels lesions [56] or occlusion [47][48][49][50][51][52], arterial [36,50,51], or venous [47][48][49]51,52] as well as arterial and venous [51], peripherally [47][48][49][50][51], or centrally [52].…”

“…There is rapid counteracting effect noted in various severe permanent occlusion of major vessels-induced occlusive syndromes [47][48][49][50][51][52]. Likewise, BPC 157 maintained thrombocytes function (without interference with coagulation) [53][54][55], prevented thrombosis formation, and abrogated already advanced thrombosis that may be associated with vessels lesions [56] or occlusion [47][48][49][50][51][52], arterial [36,50,51], or venous [47][48][49]51,52] as well as arterial and venous [51], peripherally [47][48][49][50][51], or centrally [52]. These vascular effects that may be especially relevant for the fistulas healing [3], were associated with the particular effect on several molecular pathways [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], in particular, having a modulatory effects on NO-system and prostaglandins-system [56,57] and on va...…”

“…These vascular effects that may be especially relevant for the fistulas healing [3], were associated with the particular effect on several molecular pathways [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], in particular, having a modulatory effects on NO-system and prostaglandins-system [56,57] and on vasomotor tone and the activation of Src-Caveolin-1-eNOS pathway [21]. Besides, BPC 157 acts as stabilizer of cellular junctions [19], and free radical scavenger [39,58,59], and counteracted free radicals formation and lesions, in particular, in vascular occlusion studies [47][48][49][50][51][60][61][62][63]. Illustratively, the BPC 157 activity as stabilizer of cellular junction (counteracted leaky gut syndrome) goes via increasing tight junction protein ZO-1 expression, and transepithelial resistance [19].…”

“…Finally, considering the presented and previous findings in fistula research [5][6][7][8][9][10], this study should overwhelm the general point that animal studies per se may be cautious, and fistulas studies; in particular, regarding their results and the relative paucity of the BPC 157 clinical data [1][2][3][4]. On the other hand, BPC 157 was proved to be efficacious in the ulcerative colitis, both in clinical settings [65,66], and in the experimental rats studies, in the ischemic/reperfusion vascular ulcerative colitis studies [60] and other ulcerative colitis models, induced by TNBS [67], cysteamine, surgery [31,68,69], NSAIDs [30,[70][71][72][73], or major vessel occlusion [48][49][50][51][52]59], including various species [74], and fistulas as complications (for review see, i.e., [3]). A particular point for revealing and applying this concept in practice (BPC 157's beneficial effect on various fistulas toward counteraction of the vesicovaginal fistulas in particular) is a very safe profile (LD1 could be not achieved) [17], a point recently confirmed in a large study of the Xu and collaborators [75].…”