Occipital scalp hemangioma: Prenatal sonographic and magnetic resonance images

Abstract

Fetal scalp hemangioma in the occipital region is extremely rare and its accurate diagnosis is essential for perinatal management. We present a case of occipital scalp hemangioma diagnosed by prenatal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). An echogenic mass measuring 29 mm x 23 mm x 30 mm was found in the occipital region by sonography at 20 weeks of gestation. Color-flow Doppler sonography depicted vascularity only at the periphery of the mass. The MRI results indicated that the extracranial mass exhibited a heterogeneous appearance of predominantly hyperintensity on T1- and hypointensity on T2-weighted images without evidence of fat signals, suggesting a soft tissue lesion containing blood products. Based on sonographic and MRI findings, the fetus was diagnosed to have occipital scalp hemangioma. Postmortem examination revealed cavernous hemangioma with hemorrhage. The MRI was a valuable adjunct to sonography for prenatal evaluation of an occipital lesion.

Prenatal diagnosis and management of a craniofacial glioma detected at 20 weeks’ gestation. Case report and review of the literature

“…Nor should MRI be performed in isolation for foetal diagnosis 7 . The objectives of MRI are to confirm equivocal findings and to detect other anomalies that may be present, in particular intracranial extension 6 .…”

Fetal transient occipital bone protuberance during early pregnancy

“…(2) Epidermoid (Bikmaz et al , 2005). (3) Local lesion such as hemangioma is preventing normal and continuous calcification of the occipital bone and the lesion regresses later, enabling normal calcification and formation of a complete and continuous bone (Bronshtein et al , 1992; Miyakoshi et al , 2008). (4) The protrusion may be a consequence of a small sliding encephalocele, which might have regressed by the time we examine the fetus (Bronshtein and Zimmer, 1991), leaving no sliding tissue to be seen by the time the malformation is identified.…”

Prenatal diagnosis of scalp cyst with spontaneous regression

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