Obtaining High Localized Spin Magnetic Moments by Fluorination of Reduced Graphene Oxide

Abstract

Fluorination was confirmed to be the most effective route to introduce localized spins in graphene. However, adatoms clustering in perfect graphene lead to a low efficiency. In this study, we report experimental evidence of the generation of localized spin magnetic moments on defective graphene (reduced graphene oxide) through fluorination. More interstingly, the result shows that defects help increase the efficiency of the fluorination with regard to the density of magnetic moments created. Fluorinated reduced graphene oxide can have a high magnetic moment of 3.187 × 10(-3) μB per carbon atom and a high efficiency of 8.68 × 10(-3) μB per F atom. It may be attributed to the many vacancies, which hinder the clustering of F atoms, and introduce many magnetic edge adatoms.

Metal-free Ternary BCN Nanosheets with Synergetic Effect of Band Gap Engineering and Magnetic Properties

“…The optical band gap of BCN nanosheets can be estimated from the Tauc plot formulation 36 . For a direct band gap material, the curve of converted ( αhλ ) 2 versus hλ from the UV-vis spectrum was utilized to determine the optical band gap of the BCN nanosheets 29 . Thus, the remarkably enhanced visible light absorption of the BCN nanosheets are resulted from the narrowed band gap 37 .…”

“…However, with the development of the nanotechnology 1, 2 , spontaneous magnetization has been confirmed by theoretically and experimentally in some 2D materials 3–11 . In contrast to the conventional magnetic materials that contain transition metal ( TM ) with 3 d or 4  f electrons, the magnetism in these metal-free 2D systems originates from the light elements that involve only s and p electrons.…”

NiFe2O4/graphene nanocomposites with tunable magnetic properties

“…Owing to these fascinating properties, graphane has been finding many potential applications in catalysis [3][4], hydrogen storage [5], electrochemical energy storage [6][7], gas sensors [8][9], solar cells [10], transparent electrodes [11], and EMI Shielding devices [12]. The magnetic properties of graphene-based composites have also received much attention because of their extreme importance in applications as light nonmetallic magnetic materials [13]. Pristine graphene is intrinsically nonmagnetic due to the delocalized π-bonding network, but defects, such as vacancies, are found to have a strong influence on its magnetic nature.…”

“…Pristine graphene is intrinsically nonmagnetic due to the delocalized π-bonding network, but defects, such as vacancies, are found to have a strong influence on its magnetic nature. Furthermore, the large π-conjugation of residual C-O-C, C-OH, COOH and C=O groups clinging to the main graphene skeleton provides the stability for localized magnetic moments [13][14][15][16]. Therefore, it is reported that graphene and its derivatives show a ferromagnetic to diamagnetic characteristic from low temperatures to room temperature due to the change in topological properties or functionalization [15].…”

Tunable magnetism in metal adsorbed fluorinated nanoporous graphene

“…Feng et al synthesized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by chemical exfoliation method and obtained fluorinated RGO by annealing RGO with XeF 2 . The fluorinated graphene is found to be stable and magnetic in the presence of vacancies45. The magnetism in such a system can be measured by using inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, where the magnetic moment, its orientation and MAE can be measured3746.…”