Obstructive urolithiasis in a 11/2 – year old Ouda–Yankasa ram: case report

Abstract

Obstructive urolithiasis is the retention of urine subsequent to the lodgement of calculi in the urinary tract from the kidney up to the urethral orifice. This report describes the post-mortem and chemical analysis findings of the calculi in an 18-month old Ouda-Yankasa cross ram presented at the Large Animal Clinic of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. The patient was presented on 20th of March, 2013 with reports of anorexia, disinclination to drink water and anuria that developed four days before presentation at the clinic. On clinical examination, urethral blockage and mild ascites were observed. Cystocentesis was performed to relieve the patient and plain radiograph taken but was not diagnostic. The patient died before definitive diagnosis was made for rational treatment. The post-mortem findings include frothy exudate in the trachea and bronchial airways, congestion of the lungs, hydroperitoneum with recovered fluid measuring 2,350 ml, splenomegaly, hydronephrosis, distended urinary bladder, severe haemorrhagic cystitis, urinary calculi in the bladder and throughout the urethral length and urethral stricture. The urinary calculi recovered were white, friable and amorphous, ranging from small particles to 5mm in diameter. Histopathologic section of the kidney showed atrophied glomeruli. It can thus be concluded that the atrophied glomeruli in turn impaired glomerular filtration which invariably pre-disposed the patient to uraemia leading to its death. The chemical analysis of the calculi showed that the calculi was either oxalate, phosphate or silicate, or any of these mixtures.

Clinical and anatomopathological study of urolithiasis in feedlot lambs subjected to diets with different phosphorus concentrations

“…Tubular necrosis, ranging from mild to severe, was found in 78.57% (11/14) of lambs of both groups (22/28), which is a relevant finding for this study, corroborating other authors (25) , who reported this change as the most frequent, with 40% in the group that received urinary acidifiers and 70% in the control group. In a case report, this alteration in the histopathological analysis of an Ouda-Yankasa ram was also described along with glomerular atrophy (38) , which was not a common finding in the present study. Another study (37) reported, in addition to tubular and glomerular degeneration, fibrosis of the renal tissue in a Romanov sheep, which was not found in the lambs in this study.…”

“…Although mild hydronephrosis and dilation of the renal pelvis were observed in two animals, in addition to a large abundance of stones, the kidneys were of normal size. Other authors (1,21,38) found alterations in sheep such as pyelonephritis and hydroureter, which were not observed here.…”

Study on the frequency and chemical composition of urinary stones of Moghani sheep in Northwest of Iran

“…N ephrolithiasis is one of the most important urinary tract diseases of ruminants and a costly problem for many sheep and goat owners (Makhdoomi and Gazi, 2013;Jones et al, 2017;Alimi et al, 2018). The urinary calculi etiology is complex and multifactorial that usually results from a combination of several nutritional, physiological and management factors (Constable et al, 2017;Smith et al, 2020).…”