Obstructive Sport Apnea (OSA) and contact sports: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Howarth, Nathan; White, Adam; Pearce, Alan J.; Nowinski, Chris; Cantu, Robert C.; Ji, Chen; Miller, Michelle A.

doi:10.1016/j.sleepe.2022.100036

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…4 7 8 In particular, obstructive sleep apnoea is more prevalent in contact sport athletes than the general population. 55 Sleep issues are associated with psychiatric issues, particularly depression, and cognitive issues. [56][57][58][59] Long-term sleep disturbance is also implicated in dementia pathology 60 and is associated with increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, retired National Football League (NFL) players with a combination of chronic pain and depression were 32 times more likely to report difficulty with sleeping,9 which is also common in retired athletes 4 7 8. In particular, obstructive sleep apnoea is more prevalent in contact sport athletes than the general population 55. Sleep issues are associated with psychiatric issues, particularly depression, and cognitive issues 56–59.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospective cohort study of long-term neurological outcomes in retired elite athletes: the Advanced BiomaRker, Advanced Imaging and Neurocognitive (BRAIN) Health Study protocol

Zimmerman,

Hain,

Graham

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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IntroductionAlthough limited, recent research suggests that contact sport participation might have an adverse long-term effect on brain health. Further work is required to determine whether this includes an increased risk of neurodegenerative disease and/or subsequent changes in cognition and behaviour. The Advanced BiomaRker, Advanced Imaging and Neurocognitive Health Study will prospectively examine the neurological, psychiatric, psychological and general health of retired elite-level rugby union and association football/soccer players.Methods and analysis400 retired athletes will be recruited (200 rugby union and 200 association football players, male and female). Athletes will undergo a detailed clinical assessment, advanced neuroimaging, blood testing for a range of brain health outcomes and neuropsychological assessment longitudinally. Follow-up assessments will be completed at 2 and 4 years after baseline visit. 60 healthy volunteers will be recruited and undergo an aligned assessment protocol including advanced neuroimaging, blood testing and neuropsychological assessment. We will describe the previous exposure to head injuries across the cohort and investigate relationships between biomarkers of brain injury and clinical outcomes including cognitive performance, clinical diagnoses and psychiatric symptom burden.Ethics and disseminationRelevant ethical approvals have been granted by the Camberwell St Giles Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 17/LO/2066). The study findings will be disseminated through manuscripts in clinical/academic journals, presentations at professional conferences and through participant and stakeholder communications.

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Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective cohort study of long-term neurological outcomes in retired elite athletes: the Advanced BiomaRker, Advanced Imaging and Neurocognitive (BRAIN) Health Study protocol

Zimmerman,

Hain,

Graham

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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“…It has also been reported to be higher in other specific populations including sportsmen such as American football players; despite being athletes, some evidence suggests the size of the players, particularly lineman, is associated with a high prevalence of obesity which might have contributed to their increased susceptibility to develop OSA [ 37 , 38 ]. Sleep disorders are also prevalent in professional rugby players [ 39 , 40 ] and athletes undertaking contact sports have higher prevalence of OSA which may be the result of a head injuries [ 41 ].…”

Section: Sleep Disorders and Cvd Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and cardiovascular disease

Miller,

Howarth

2023

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences

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This review centres around the recent evidence in examining the intersection of sleep and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sleep in this review will be further subdivided to consider both sleep quantity and quality along and will also consider some of the more common sleep disorders, such as insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea, in the context of CVD. Sleep disorders have been further explored in several specific populations which are both at risk of sleep disorders and CVD. Secondly, the review will present some of the risk factors for CVD that are affected by sleep and sleep disorders which include hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. It will also examine the potential underlying mechanisms including inflammation, appetite control, endocrine, and genetic processes that are affected by sleep and sleep disorders leading to increased risk of CVD development. In addition, we will consider the observed bi-directional relationships between sleep and cardiovascular risk factors. For example, obesity, a risk factor for CVD can be affected by sleep, but in turn can increase the risk of certain sleep disorder development which disrupts sleep, leading to further risk of obesity development and increased CVD risk. Finally, the review will explore emerging evidence around lifestyle interventions that have included a sleep component and how it impacts the management of CVD risk factor. The need for increased awareness of the health effects of poor sleep and sleep disorders will be discussed alongside the need for policy intervention to improve sleep to facilitate better health and well-being.

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“…However, while CBTi would likely be effective for improving sleep overall, it is not an effective short-term treatment and is not a practical solution in high pressure situations that occur in sport. Specific treatments may also be applicable for sleep problems such as continuous positive airway pressure devices for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea, which may be particularly prevalent in contact sports (10). Other nonpharmacological strategies for enhancing sleep including nutritional, psychological and Accepted for publication in the British Journal of Sports Medicine on the 15 th August 2023 behavioural approaches are described in Figure 1 (see Supplementary Figure S1 for an expanded and referenced table).…”

Section: Non-pharmacological Sleep-enhancing Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversing the state of arousal and accelerating sleep onset: pharmacological and non-pharmacological manipulation of sleep in athletes

Pedlar,

Stanley,

Halson

et al. 2023

Br J Sports Med

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Obstructive Sport Apnea (OSA) and contact sports: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Prospective cohort study of long-term neurological outcomes in retired elite athletes: the Advanced BiomaRker, Advanced Imaging and Neurocognitive (BRAIN) Health Study protocol

Prospective cohort study of long-term neurological outcomes in retired elite athletes: the Advanced BiomaRker, Advanced Imaging and Neurocognitive (BRAIN) Health Study protocol

Sleep and cardiovascular disease

Reversing the state of arousal and accelerating sleep onset: pharmacological and non-pharmacological manipulation of sleep in athletes

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