Obstructive sleep apnoea in adults

Usmani, Zafar A; Chai-Coetzer, Ching Li; Antic, Nicholas; McEvoy, R. Doug

doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-131340

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…The metric used to categorize OSA severity is the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI), defined as the number of apnea and hypopnea events per hour of sleep (Usmani, Chai‐Coetzer, Antic, & McEvoy, ). An AHI of 5 to 14 is considered mild, 15 to 30 moderate, and greater than 30 severe.…”

Section: Classification Prevalence and Diagnosis Of Obstructive Slementioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Research and Practices in Major Sleep Disorders: Part I. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Chaiard

Weaver

2019

J of Nursing Scholarship

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Purpose The purpose of this first of two review articles providing an update on sleep disorders was to examine the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA is a common sleep disorder whose prevalence is similar to asthma. As with other sleep disorders, OSA has a broad impact on individuals, affecting their daily behaviors, cognitive abilities, and performance, and putting them at increased risk for accidents, mood disorders, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. Thus, early recognition and management, much of which can be implemented by nurses, can reduce health and accident risks and improve daily functioning. Methods This narrative review utilized medical databases such as PubMed to identify relevant English language original and systematic review articles predominantly from peer‐reviewed journals from 2012 to 2018. However, as background, findings from classic articles prior to 2012 were also included. Clinical Relevance OSA is a common condition with considerable impact on daily functioning and potential for accidents and serious comorbidities such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and depressed mood. The impairments and comorbidities associated with OSA can be reduced through early detection, encouraging treatment, providing education about sleep and OSA, and, importantly, promoting adherence to the predominant therapy, positive airway pressure.

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Section: Classification Prevalence and Diagnosis Of Obstructive Slementioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Research and Practices in Major Sleep Disorders: Part I. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Chaiard

Weaver

2019

J of Nursing Scholarship

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“…Patient self-motivation and family support are very necessary to improve each patient's physical and psychosocial health. 85…”

Section: Psychosocial Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression, obstructive sleep apnea and psychosocial health

Jehan¹,

Auguste

Pandi‐Perumal³

et al. 2017

SMDIJ

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Depression and Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are the major associated comorbidities. OSA is a rapidly growing problem in the society that is connected to the rising rates of obesity; at the same time, the depression rate is also increasing day by day. Patients with OSA present with sleep problems, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, depressive patients can also present with the same symptoms. The quality of an individual's health can be improved by the early detection of the symptoms of overlapping OSA and depression. By addressing these issues early, the associated healthcare costs and burden can be reduced simultaneously.

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“…CSR is a form of periodic breathing in which apneas/hypopneas alternate with ventilatory periods having a crescendo-decrescendo pattern of tidal volume. OSA has an estimated prevalence of 9-24% in middle-aged population (20,21) and has emerged as an important cardiovascular risk factor. In recent years, OSA has been linked to a higher relative risk for cardiovascular diseases, such as arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death (22,23 duction in blood pressure and an initial inhibition of sympathetic drive, likely to and due to a mechanical stretching effect on cardiac vagal afferent fibers (Figure 1).…”

Section: Sleep Breathing Disorders and Ansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathovagal balance changes in sleep breathing disorders

Patruno¹

2014

sob

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SummaryThe autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a leading role in controlling visceral functions and it is well known that the increase of sympathetic activity underlies most of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction and arrhythmias. On the other hand parasympathetic activity acts as protective factor against the above mentioned conditions. Sleep breathing disorders (SBD) are commonly divided in three syndromes: obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, central sleep apnoea syndrome and Cheyne-Stokes breathing syndrome, the latter two both characterized by cyclic non-obstructive breathing patterns. Cheyne-Stokes Respiration is a form of periodic breathing characterized by a crescendo-decrescendo pattern of ventilation with (CSR-CSA) or without (CSR) central apnoea. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is significantly associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. OSA exerts strong modulatory effects on the autonomic nervous system through a number of mechanisms including central respiratory-cardiac coupling in the brain stem, chemo-reflex stimulation, baro-reflexes, and reflexes relating to lung inflation. EEG arousals, often related to apnea termination, also represent the final way of autonomic activation. CSR is common among patients with congestive heart failure, being present in 30-40% of the two largest reported. If CSR "per se" promotes an increase of sympathetic outflow during sleep is not really known.Several lines of argument would support the hypothesis that CSR may be a compensatory mechanism for severe HF.

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Obstructive sleep apnoea in adults

Cited by 37 publications

References 97 publications

Update on Research and Practices in Major Sleep Disorders: Part I. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Update on Research and Practices in Major Sleep Disorders: Part I. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Depression, obstructive sleep apnea and psychosocial health

Sympathovagal balance changes in sleep breathing disorders

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