Obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension, and obesity: A dangerous triad

Belyavskiy, Evgeny; Pieske‐Kraigher, Elisabeth; Tadić, Marijana

doi:10.1111/jch.13688

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Since the nature of HTN is multifactorial, the effect of CPAP is yet to be established. In patients with minimal symptoms, CPAP has a neutral effect on BP but those with resistant HTN, CPAP decreases the systolic BP by 5-7 mmHg [29].…”

Section: Continuous Positive Airway Pressurementioning

confidence: 98%

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension: A Review of the Relationship and Pathogenic Association

Bangash

Wajid

Poolacherla

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is defined as episodes of hypopnea or apnea, which leads to a partial or complete block of airways. Hypertension, on the other hand, is defined as an increase in systemic arterial blood pressure to a certain threshold. OSA and hypertension share many common factors in pathophysiology, such as gender, obesity, unhealthy lifestyle, impaired quality of sleep, renin-angiotensin system, and increased fluid distribution. In order to manage our patients effectively, we need to explore further the correlation between the two conditions.

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Section: Continuous Positive Airway Pressurementioning

confidence: 98%

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension: A Review of the Relationship and Pathogenic Association

Bangash

Wajid

Poolacherla

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…Both obesity and sleep disorders like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are risk factors for the development hypetension. 22 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased ambulatory arterial stiffness index and blood pressure load in normotensive obese patients

Efe¹,

Tek²,

Hastanesi̇³

2021

Afr H. Sci.

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Objectives: It has been shown that blood pressure (BP) values measured in obese subjects are higher than the individuals with normal weight, even in normotensive limits. However, data concerning the Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index (AASI) and blood pressure load in normotensive obese subjects is lacking. This study was aimed to compare the ambulatory arterial stiffness index and blood pressure load in normotensive obese and healthy controls. Methods: One hundred normotensive obese and one hundred normal weight subjects were included in this study. All sub- jects underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index was calculated from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring records. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index was defined as one minus the regression slope of unedited 24-h diastolic on systolic blood pressures. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) load values were calculated from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring analysis. Results: Ambulatory arterial stiffness index of the obese subjects was significantly higher than the healthy controls (0.48±0.2 vs. 0.33±0.11, p<0.001). 24-hours systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure loads were significantly higher in obese subjects. Logistic regression analysis revealed that body mass index (BMI) was an independent predictor for an abnor- mal ambulatory arterial stiffness ındex (≥0.50) (OR: 1.137, 95% CI: 0.915-1.001, p=0.004). Conclusion: Blood pressure load and ambulatory arterial stiffness index are increased in normotensive obese patients. Moreover, body mass index is an independent predictor for an abnormal ambulatory arterial stiffness index. Our results indicate that obese subjects are at higher risk for future cardiovascular events despite normal office BP levels. Keywords: Ambulatory arterial stiffness index; blood pressure load; obesity; blood pressure.

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“…It increased with increasing age and, in some elderly groups, was as high as 90% in men and 78% in women [ 1 , 2 ]. OSA is closely associated with many diseases, including hypertension [ 3 ], coronary heart disease [ 4 ], arrhythmia [ 5 ], cerebrovascular disease [ 6 ], type 2 diabetes [ 7 ], non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [ 8 ], kidney damage [ 9 ], glaucoma [ 10 ], sexual dysfunction [ 11 ], as well as other organs and multiple system damage. OSA risk factors include obesity, male, advanced age, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol consumption, genetic predisposition, and abnormal upper respiratory tract anatomy [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric surgery reduces sleep apnea in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea by increasing pharyngeal cross-sectional area during the early postoperative period

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2023

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Objective Bariatric surgery (BS) is considered one of the most effective treatments for obese individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). However, otolaryngologists have raised concerns about the structural alterations caused by BS on the upper respiratory tract, especially, on the pharyngeal cavity. Methods In this study, we recruited 42 individuals who underwent BS at our hospital. They were divided into two groups based on apnea–hypopnea index (AHI): mild group (5 ≤ AHI < 15) and moderate-severe group (AHI ≥ 15). The participants were followed up for 12 months and several indicators, including body mass index (BMI), polysomnography (PSG), and acoustic pharyngometry (APh), were assessed repeatedly before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months (m) after surgery. Results Participants exhibited significant decreases in BMI (F = 128.1, P = 0.001) and total weight loss (F = 176.7, P < 0.001) after BS. The AHI value among obese patients with mild OSA decreased significantly within three months after surgery (0 day vs. 3 months, P < 0.01), and decreased significantly more than 12 months with moderate-to-severe patients (0 day vs. 3 months, 3 months vs. 6 months, 6 months vs. 12 months, P < 0.01). The therapeutic effect of OSA of the mild group was significantly better compared with that of the moderate-severe group at 6 months (mean rank = 28.13 vs. 14.21, P < 0.001) and 12 m (mean rank = 26.75 vs. 15.52, P = 0.001). The APh results revealed that the pharyngeal volume of the two groups increased significantly between 0 day and 6 months after surgery (P < 0.01). The oropharyngeal junction (OPJ) area and the glottal area were increased significantly between 0 day and 6 m after surgery (P < 0.01). Conclusion BS can relieve apnea and OSA symptoms among obese patients with OSA, especially in the early postoperative period. Moreover, OSA severity was closely associated with OPJ and glottal areas, rather than pharyngeal cavity volume.

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Obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension, and obesity: A dangerous triad

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension: A Review of the Relationship and Pathogenic Association

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension: A Review of the Relationship and Pathogenic Association

Increased ambulatory arterial stiffness index and blood pressure load in normotensive obese patients

Bariatric surgery reduces sleep apnea in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea by increasing pharyngeal cross-sectional area during the early postoperative period

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