Obstructive and restrictive spirometry from school age to adulthood: three birth cohort studies

Ullah, Anhar; Granell, Raquel; Haider, Sadia; Lowe, Lesley; Fontanella, Sara; Arshad, Hasan; Murray, Clare S.; Turner, Steve; Holloway, John W.; Simpson, Angela; Roberts, Graham; Custovic, Adnan; Ainsworth, John; Couch, Philip; Cullinan, Paul; Devereux, Graham; Woodcock, Ashley

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102355

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…Similarly, we have previously demonstrated that low birth weight identified children with a persistently low FEV 1 trajectory, 35 as well as the restrictive phenotype. 6 Both the IOW 36 and the Pelotas cohorts 11 showed that low birth weight was associated with low FEV 1 and FEV 1 /FVC trajectories. Exact pathophysiological mechanisms have not been ascertained, but it has been suggested that adverse early life risk factors such as maternal smoking, 37 poor maternal nutrition, 38 restricted intrauterine growth 39 and gestational age 40 could contribute to this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lung function trajectories from school age to adulthood and their relationship with markers of cardiovascular disease risk

Granell,

Haider,

Deliu

et al. 2024

Thorax

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RationaleLung function in early adulthood is associated with subsequent adverse health outcomes.ObjectivesTo ascertain whether stable and reproducible lung function trajectories can be derived in different populations and investigate their association with objective measures of cardiovascular structure and function.MethodsUsing latent profile modelling, we studied three population-based birth cohorts with repeat spirometry data from childhood into early adulthood to identify trajectories of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC). We used multinomial logistic regression models to investigate early-life predictors of the derived trajectories. We then ascertained the extent of the association between the derived FEV1/FVC trajectories and blood pressure and echocardiographic markers of increased cardiovascular risk and stroke in ~3200 participants at age 24 years in one of our cohorts.ResultsWe identified four FEV1/FVC trajectories with strikingly similar latent profiles across cohorts (pooled N=6377): above average (49.5%); average (38.3%); below average (10.6%); and persistently low (1.7%). Male sex, wheeze, asthma diagnosis/medication and allergic sensitisation were associated with trajectories with diminished lung function in all cohorts. We found evidence of an increase in cardiovascular risk markers ascertained by echocardiography (including left ventricular mass indexed to height and carotid intima-media thickness) with decreasing FEV1/FVC (with p values for the mean crude effects per-trajectory ranging from 0.10 to p<0.001). In this analysis, we considered trajectories as a pseudo-continuous variable; we confirmed the assumption of linearity in all the regression models.ConclusionsChildhood lung function trajectories may serve as predictors in the development of not only future lung disease, but also the cardiovascular disease and multimorbidity in adulthood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lung function trajectories from school age to adulthood and their relationship with markers of cardiovascular disease risk

Granell,

Haider,

Deliu

et al. 2024

Thorax

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Understanding the heterogeneity of childhood allergic sensitization and its relationship with asthma

Custovic,

Fontanella

2024

Current Opinion in Allergy &Amp; Clinical Immunology

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Purpose of review To review the current state of knowledge on the relationship between allergic sensitization and asthma; to lay out a roadmap for the development of IgE biomarkers that differentiate, in individual sensitized patients, whether their sensitization is important for current or future asthma symptoms, or has little or no relevance to the disease. Recent findings The evidence on the relationship between sensitization and asthma suggests that some subtypes of allergic sensitization are not associated with asthma symptoms, whilst others are pathologic. Interaction patterns between IgE antibodies to individual allergenic molecules on component-resolved diagnostics (CRD) multiplex arrays might be hallmarks by which different sensitization subtypes relevant to asthma can be distinguished. These different subtypes of sensitization are associated amongst sensitized individuals at all ages, with different clinical presentations (no disease, asthma as a single disease, and allergic multimorbidity); amongst sensitized preschool children with and without lower airway symptoms, with different risk of subsequent asthma development; and amongst sensitized patients with asthma, with differing levels of asthma severity. Summary The use of machine learning-based methodologies on complex CRD data can help us to design better diagnostic tools to help practising physicians differentiate between benign and clinically important sensitization.

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Asthma Inception: Epidemiologic Risk Factors and Natural History Across the Life Course

Melén,

Zar,

Siroux

et al. 2024

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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Obstructive and restrictive spirometry from school age to adulthood: three birth cohort studies

Cited by 4 publications

References 40 publications

Lung function trajectories from school age to adulthood and their relationship with markers of cardiovascular disease risk

Lung function trajectories from school age to adulthood and their relationship with markers of cardiovascular disease risk

Understanding the heterogeneity of childhood allergic sensitization and its relationship with asthma

Asthma Inception: Epidemiologic Risk Factors and Natural History Across the Life Course

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