Obstetrical Vacuum Deliveries: Clinical Aspects and Fetal Prognosis in Regional Teaching Hospital of Ouahigouya

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of obstetrical vacuum deliveries in the service of obstetrics and gynecology of regional teaching hospital of Ouahigouya and then to assess fetal outcomes. Patients and Methods: It was about a cross sectional and descriptive retrospective data collection from 1 st January 2014 to 31 st December 2016 in the service of obstetrics and gynecology of regional teaching hospital of Ouahigouya. Patients who had vacuum delivered in the service with single pregnancy, at least 34 weeks gestation age and summit presentation and had a useful medical folder were included in our study. The data were collected and the analysis used epi-info software 7.2.1.0. version, 2010 Word and excel. The results were presented in percentage for qualitative variables and in means standard deviation for quantitative variables. Results: We have collected 6233 deliveries from 1 st January 2014 to 31 st December 2016, out of which 312 were done by using obstetrical vacuum giving a frequency of 5.0%. The mean age of patients was 23.5 ± 6.4 years. The average parity was 1.3 ± 0.7 women per delivery and 73.1% of our patients were pauciparous. 90.1% of patients were referred. The main indications were maternal weakness (43%), fetal distress (36.5%), prolonged expulsive phase (6.1%), stopping progression (4.8%) and the scar uterus (4.5%). Fetal prognosis was dominated by the caput in 13 cases (4.2%) and excoriations of the scalp in 5 cases (1.7%). Conclusion: Vacuum extractions are very limited in low setting countries. Its popularization is essential to reduce maternal and fetal mortality.