Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy

O’Berry, Patricia; Brown, Mackenzie; Phillips, Leslie A.; Evans, Sarah Helen

doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2017.06.003

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…39 O’Berry et al . 40 found in their study patients that up to 35% of children with birth palsy had some degree of permanent functional impairment of the affected limb. Soucacos et al 41 reported that severe residual deformities, in general, appear in the affected upper extremity in untreated OBPI adults when compared to treated patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Clinical and Functional Outcome of Modified Quad Surgery in Adult Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury Patients: Case Reports

Nath

Goel

Somasundaram

2019

Clinics and Practice

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Untreated adult obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI) patients, in general, use compensatory strategies to achieve their lost upper extremity functions; they cause some adverse effects. Our present study is a case series of 3 female adult OBPI patients, aged 46, 23 and 21 years old. They all had a modified Quad surgical procedure. All patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively by evaluating video recordings of standardized upper extremity movements using the modified Mallet scale. The average postoperative follow-up was 4.3 months (1 to 9 months). Total Mallet score significantly improved from 15 and 18 to 21 in two patients. Supination angle measured from active movement of these 3 patients improved from 40°, 0° and -60° to 80°, 40° and -40°, respectively. The modified Quad surgical procedure significantly improves active abduction and other shoulder functions not only in young pediatric and adolescent patients, as we have previously reported, but also in adult patients with muscle imbalance secondary to brachial plexus injury sustained at birth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Clinical and Functional Outcome of Modified Quad Surgery in Adult Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury Patients: Case Reports

Nath

Goel

Somasundaram

2019

Clinics and Practice

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“…25 Individual animal and strain variations have been reported in the brachial plexus anatomy of laboratory rats. 26,27 Brachial plexus injury is frequently encountered clinically in adult humans and infants 28,29 as well as in animals. 8,30 Laboratory rats are used as models to study brachial plexus injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Nerve Microscopic Changes Related to Study Procedures: Two Nonclinical Case Studies

Bangari¹,

Pardo

Sellers

et al. 2019

Toxicol Pathol

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Peripheral nerves are routinely examined microscopically during the nonclinical safety assessment of therapeutics. In addition to test article-related on- or off-target changes, microscopic changes in peripheral nerves may also be caused by study procedures, such as parenteral test article administration and blood or tissue sampling. We present 2 nonclinical case studies in which nonstandard peripheral nerves had study procedure-related histologic changes. The first case study describes mouse trigeminal nerve changes as a result of blood sampling via retro-orbital sinus puncture. These changes included minimal-to-mild nerve fiber (axonal) degeneration associated with macrophage infiltration. The second case study presents rat brachial plexus changes associated with animal handling and blood sampling. Brachial plexus changes included minimal-to-moderate inflammation, focal hemorrhage, and nerve fiber degeneration. In both cases, the histological changes were morphologically indistinguishable from those that might be due to test article. Therefore, careful consideration of the incidence and severity across groups and a review of study procedures to rule out handling-related nerve damage are essential before identifying a test article-related effect on peripheral nerves. Study design considerations to avoid such procedure-related changes will be discussed, as well as sampling strategies to help distinguish these from test article-related effects.

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“…While most infants will recover spontaneously from BPP, around 35% of them will experience lifelong residual shoulder weakness, contracture, or joint deformity [44]. These impairments will negatively impact their autonomy in various ADL but could be limited with the use of an exoskeleton.…”

Section: Brachial Plexus Palsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends and Challenges in Pediatric Access to Sensorless and Sensor-Based Upper Limb Exoskeletons

Gaudet

Raison

Achiche

2021

Sensors

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Sensorless and sensor-based upper limb exoskeletons that enhance or support daily motor function are limited for children. This review presents the different needs in pediatrics and the latest trends when developing an upper limb exoskeleton and discusses future prospects to improve accessibility. First, the principal diagnoses in pediatrics and their respective challenge are presented. A total of 14 upper limb exoskeletons aimed for pediatric use were identified in the literature. The exoskeletons were then classified as sensorless or sensor-based, and categorized with respect to the application domain, the motorization solution, the targeted population(s), and the supported movement(s). The relative absence of upper limb exoskeleton in pediatrics is mainly due to the additional complexity required in order to adapt to children’s growth and answer their specific needs and usage. This review highlights that research should focus on sensor-based exoskeletons, which would benefit the majority of children by allowing easier adjustment to the children’s needs. Sensor-based exoskeletons are often the best solution for children to improve their participation in activities of daily living and limit cognitive, social, and motor impairments during their development.

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Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

Clinical and Functional Outcome of Modified Quad Surgery in Adult Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury Patients: Case Reports

Clinical and Functional Outcome of Modified Quad Surgery in Adult Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury Patients: Case Reports

Peripheral Nerve Microscopic Changes Related to Study Procedures: Two Nonclinical Case Studies

Current Trends and Challenges in Pediatric Access to Sensorless and Sensor-Based Upper Limb Exoskeletons

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