Obstetric Complications and Schizophrenia: A Case Control Study Based on Standardised Obstetric Records

Abstract

The raised incidence of obstetric complications often reported in people with schizophrenia is genuine and probably contributes to the aetiology of the condition.

Being Interrupted: The Self and Schizophrenia

“…Symptoms have included odd sensory experiences and beliefs, sometimes called positive symptoms (Schneider 1959), radically diminished desire, sometimes called negative symptoms (Carpenter et al 1988;Kraeplin 1974), tenuous connections between thoughts (Bleuler 1950;Spitzer 1997), discreet deficits in memory and attention (Green 1996;McGhie and Chapman 1961), autism (Bovet and Parnas 1991), unmodulated anger (Freeman 1969), and social deviance (Szasz 1970). Causal explanations of these symptoms have appealed to factors such as selective abnormalities in neurodevelopment (Andreasen et al 1998), neurological degeneration (Fucetola et al 2000), obstetric complications (Kendell et al 2000), communication deviance (Wahlberg et al 2002), social stigma (Markowitz 1998;Wright et al 2000), and oppressive power relations (Rudge and Morse 2001).…”

African–Caribbeans and schizophrenia: contributing factors

“…Some researchers have shown that pregnancy and birth complications (PBCs) are associated with schizophrenia (McGrath & Murray, 1995), although this has been challenged (Kendell et al, 2000). We have observed that, in Trinidad, with normal rates of schizophrenia, PBCs were actually lower than those reported for the African-Caribbean populations in the UK.…”

Obstetric complications and age at onset in schizophrenia: an international collaborative meta-analysis of individual patient data

“…Data that were unpublished at the beginning of this study have meanwhile been published or presented at conferences (24)(25)(26)(27). For the two remaining studies (28,29), the raw data on obstetric complications could be scored by the researchers according to the scale of Lewis and Murray. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects and their relatives who agreed to participate in the studies mentioned above after the procedures had been fully explained.…”