Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents

Swedo, Susan E.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810040041007

Cited by 596 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In the Dunedin study, co-morbid cases had lower self-esteem and higher neuroticism in adolescence than either disorder on its own (Moffitt et al 2007a). In a prospective study of children with OCD, Swedo et al (1989) found these disorders co-morbid with MDD in 35 %, overanxious in 18 %, phobias in 17 % and only occurring on its own in 26 % of cases.…”

Section: Co-morbiditymentioning

confidence: 95%

Emotional disorders: Cluster 4 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

et al. 2009

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"Emotional disorders: Cluster 4 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11." Psychological Medicine.39,12. 2043-2059. http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/open_access_pubs/3923Emotional disorders: Cluster 4 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11Paper 5 of 7 of the thematic section : ' A proposal for a meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11 ' Background. The extant major psychiatric classifications DSM-IV, and ICD-10, are atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of a medical diagnosis would be greatly enhanced by an understanding of risk factors and clinical manifestations. In an effort to group mental disorders on the basis of aetiology, five clusters have been proposed. This paper considers the validity of the fourth cluster, emotional disorders, within that proposal.Method. We reviewed the literature in relation to 11 validating criteria proposed by a Study Group of the DSM-V Task Force, as applied to the cluster of emotional disorders.Results. An emotional cluster of disorders identified using the 11 validators is feasible. Negative affectivity is the defining feature of the emotional cluster. Although there are differences between disorders in the remaining validating criteria, there are similarities that support the feasibility of an emotional cluster. Strong intra-cluster co-morbidity may reflect the action of common risk factors and also shared higher-order symptom dimensions in these emotional disorders.Conclusion. Emotional disorders meet many of the salient criteria proposed by the Study Group of the DSM-V Task Force to suggest a classification cluster.

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Section: Co-morbiditymentioning

confidence: 95%

Emotional disorders: Cluster 4 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

et al. 2009

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“…Before puberty, there is a peak among male patients. 19,20,23 During adolescence, there is an increase in the number of girls diagnosed with OCD, reaching a 1 : 1 sex ratio in adulthood. 24 As in adult patients, 22,25 high rates of comorbidity are seen in children and adolescents with OCD, and some studies report that 90% of patients in their OCD samples had at least one other neuropsychiatric diagnosis.…”

Section: Early-onset Ocd Phenotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Obsessive-compulsive disorder phenotypes: implications for genetic studies

et al. 2004

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) clinical presentation is remarkably diverse, and can vary both within and across patients over time. This variability in the phenotypic expression has led to the hypothesis that OCD is a heterogeneous disorder and that this heterogeneity obscures the findings of clinical, natural history and treatment response studies and complicates the search for vulnerability genes. A complete understanding of what comprises OCD and the underlying etiological mechanisms will require a dramatic change in how the disorder is conceptualized. In this review, several different approaches that may represent the first steps in this reconceptualization are discussed. These approaches include (1) narrowing the phenotype to identify categorically defined more homogeneous and mutually exclusive subtypes of OCD, (2) considering OC symptom dimensions as quantitative components of the more complex OCD phenotype and (3) broadening the phenotype to include other etiologically related conditions. A combined dimensional approach within distinctive subgroups is proposed as probably the most effective in helping to identify the heritable components of OCD. By identifying heritable components of OCD, it should be possible to find genes for these separate components. The review continues with the illustration of the possible role of some epigenetic risk and protective factors in the OCD presentation and the relevance of examining associated traits and/or endophenotypes to enhance our ability to understand the genetic basis of OCD. To conclude, we discuss the variability in treatment outcome and the significance of the development of specific pharmacological and/or behavioral based therapies tailored to each of these phenotypes. Molecular Psychiatry (2005) 10, 258-275.

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“…In an ongoing survey of obsessive symptoms in children with Sydenham's chorea (Swedo et al 1989), three of the 23 examined to date and none of the 14 rheumatic fever controls showed a clinical level of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Subclinical automatic, compulsive, and stereotyped behaviours and thoughts were also more frequent in the chorea patients.…”

Section: Tourette's Syndrome and Ticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model poses as an innate releasing mechanism in the basal ganglia: a detection mechanism for recognizing specific aspects of stimuli (key or sign stimuli) and a releasing mechanism for the species-typical behavioural response (analogous to a fixed action pattern), although displacement behaviours also must be considered (Swedo et al 1989 A). This model is presented in detail elsewhere (Wise & Rapoport 1989).…”

Section: Hypothesis: Basal Ganglia Dysfunction As a Cause Of Obsessivmentioning

confidence: 99%