This article is concerned with the dissipativity-based finite-time filtering problem for a class of Markov jump systems (MJSs) using an event-triggered mechanism (ETM). First, two mutually independent Bernoulli sequences are introduced to model the probability distributions of randomly occurring uncertainty (ROU) and randomly occurring nonlinearity (RON), respectively. Second, due to the limited communication capacity, a mode-dependent ETM from sensor to filter is applied, which alleviated the data transmission pressure effectively. Then, based on stochastic finite-time analysis, full-order reliable filter is designed and sufficient conditions are given in term of linear matrix inequality (LMI), which guarantee the stochastic finite-time boundedness of the filtering error system subject to exponential dissipativity. Finally, a numerical example is utilized to illustrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed filter design method.