Observed Trends of Climate and River Discharge in Mongolia’s Selenga Sub-Basin of the Lake Baikal Basin

Dorjsuren, Batsuren; Yan, Denghua; Wang, Hao; Chonokhuu, Sonomdagva; Enkhbold, Altanbold; Xu, Yinlong; Girma, Abel; Gedefaw, Mohammed; Abiyu, Asaminew

doi:10.3390/w10101436

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The quarterly average data on the water discharge of the Selenga River and its tributaries were obtained for the years 2005, 2006, and 2009 from Khazheeva and Plyusnin [12] and used for CRR and CRC calculations. These data were chosen because the annual precipitation in the Selenga basin during these years was similar to that in 2015 [40]. Data on the trace metal composition of Baikal water were also derived from the literature [17,18].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Self-Purification Capacity of Surface Waters in Lake Baikal Watershed

Semenov

Силаев

et al. 2019

Water

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The removal of trace metals (TM), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), mineral nitrogen (Nmin.), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the water of Lake Baikal and its tributaries was evaluated. The contaminant removal rate (CRR) and the contaminant removal capacity (CRC) were used as water self-purification parameters. The CRR was calculated as the difference between contaminant mass flow rates at downstream and upstream gauging stations. The CRC was calculated as the quotient of the CRR and the change in water discharge between downstream and upstream gauging stations. Whether the CRR and CRC have positive or negative values depends on whether contaminant release or removal occurs in the water body. The CRR depends on the size of the water body. The lowest and the highest CRRs observed for Baikal were equal to −15 mg/s (PAHs) to −7327 g/s (DOC), whereas the highest PAH and DOC removal rates observed for Selenga River (the major Baikal tributary) in summer were equal to −9 mg/s and −3190 g/s correspondingly. The highest PAH and DOC removal rates observed for small tributaries were equal to 0.0004 mg/s and −0.7 g/s respectively. The amplitude of annual CRR oscillations depends on contaminant abundance. The highest amplitude was typical for most abundant contaminants such as Nmin. and DOC. In unpolluted sections of the Selenga River the highest rates of N and C removal (−85 g/s and −3190 g/s, respectively) were observed in summer and the lowest rates (4 g/s and 3869 g/s, respectively) were observed in the spring. The lowest amplitude was typical for PAHs and some low-abundance TM such as V and Ni. The highest summer rates of V and Ni removal were equal to −378 mg/s and −155 mg/s respectively, whereas lowest spring rates are equal to 296 mg/s and 220 mg/s. The intermediate CRR amplitudes were typical for most abundant TM such as Sr, Al, and Fe. The spatial CRR variability depends on water chemistry and the presence of pollution sources. The lowest (up to 38 g/s) rates of Nmin. removal was observed for polluted lower Selenga sections characterized by low water mineralization and high DOC concentrations. The highest rates (−85 g/s) were observed for unpolluted upper sections. Seepage loss from the river to groundwater was also recognized as an important means of contaminant removal. The CRC values depend mostly on water residence time. The DOC removing capacity value of Baikal (−26 g/m3) were lower than those of Selenga in summer (−35 g/m3) but higher than the CRCs of all tributaries during the other seasons (from 30 mg/m3 to −10 g/m3).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Self-Purification Capacity of Surface Waters in Lake Baikal Watershed

Semenov

Силаев

et al. 2019

Water

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“…To evaluate the trends of all variable in both the observed and adjusted data were conducted using the Mann-Kendall test. This is the best approach, and well suited to determine changes in hydrologic regimes [19]. The Appendix [20] provides a concise description of the statistics applied to river discharge data [21], and it avoids the influence of serial correlations on the trend analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Trends of Temperature, Precipitation and River Discharge in the Abbay River Basin in Ethiopia

Cherinet¹,

Yan²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

JWARP

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Projecting future changes of streamflow in the Abby River Basin (ARB) is important for planning and proper management of the basin system. The current study conducted in five stations of the Abbay river basin, and investigated the annual temperature, precipitation, and river discharge variability using the Innovative trend analysis method, Mann-Kendall, and Sen's slope test estimator. The result showed a slightly increasing trend of annual precipitation in Assoa (Z = 0.71), Bahir Dar (Z = 0.13), and Gonder (Z = 0.26) stations, while a significant increasing trend was observed in Nedgo (Z = 2.45) and Motta (Z = 1.06) stations. Interestingly, the trend of annual temperature in Assosa (Z = 5.88), Bahir Dar (Z = 3.87), Gonder (Z = 4.38), Nedgo (Z = 4.77), and Motta (Z = 2.85) was abruptly increased. The average mean temperature has increased by 0.2˚C in the past 36 years (1980 to 2016). The extreme high temperature was observed in the semi-dry zone of northern Ethiopia. During the study period, a significant declining trend of the river discharge was recorded, and the river discharge was sharply decreased from 1992 onwards. The results of the current study showed annual variability of river discharge, precipitation, and temperature of the study area of the basin that could be used as a basis for future studies.

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“…As an important backbone of the regional economy, mining is a major water consumer that has caused increasing water abstraction and contaminant loads originating from mining sites [98]. As a result, the Selenga River, which originates in the mountainous regions of Mongolia and constitutes the largest tributary of Lake Baikal, has experienced a low-water period over the past two decades [99], and the vegetation along the Selenga River exhibited a decreasing trend in intermountain regions that coincided with the reduced water conditions [26].…”

Section: Influence Of Human Disturbances On Vegetation Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the effects of climate change on vegetation dynamics in the Selenga-Baikal Basin have attracted the attention of the public in addition to that of scientists and governments worldwide [22], particularly in association with the protection of the deepest and largest freshwater reservoir on Earth, Lake Baikal, which has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its unique ecosystems [25]. However, our understanding of the vegetation dynamics and their responses to climate change within the entire Selenga-Baikal Basin, where the rate of warming is almost twice the global rate over past decades [22,26], is limited. Therefore, this study aims to further (1) characterize the temporal change trends and spatial patterns of climate variables and vegetation across the Selenga-Baikal Basin from 1982 to 2015; (2) identify the effects of the predominant climatic factors; i.e., temperature and precipitation, on vegetation growth under different conditions; and (3) distinguish the various responses of grassland and forest to climatic factors and human disturbances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Changes in Vegetation Growth due to Different Climate Forcings over the Last Three Decades in the Selenga-Baikal Basin

Wang

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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The Selenga-Baikal Basin, a transboundary river basin between Mongolia and Russia, warmed at nearly twice the global rate and experienced enhanced human activities in recent decades. To understand the vegetation response to climate change, the dynamic spatial-temporal characteristics of the vegetation and the relationships between the vegetation dynamics and climate variability in the Selenga-Baikal Basin were investigated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and gridded temperature and precipitation data for the period of 1982 to 2015. Our results indicated that precipitation played a key role in vegetation growth across regions that presented multiyear mean annual precipitation lower than 350 mm, although its importance became less apparent over regions with precipitation exceeding 350 mm. Because of the overall temperature-limited conditions, temperature had a more substantial impact on vegetation growth than precipitation. Generally, an increasing trend was observed in the growth of forest vegetation, which is heavily dependent on temperature, whereas a decreasing trend was detected for grassland, for which the predominant growth-limiting factor is precipitation. Additionally, human activities, such as urbanization, mining, increased wildfires, illegal logging, and livestock overgrazing are important factors driving vegetation change.

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Observed Trends of Climate and River Discharge in Mongolia’s Selenga Sub-Basin of the Lake Baikal Basin

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Assessing the Self-Purification Capacity of Surface Waters in Lake Baikal Watershed

Assessing the Self-Purification Capacity of Surface Waters in Lake Baikal Watershed

Climate Trends of Temperature, Precipitation and River Discharge in the Abbay River Basin in Ethiopia

Contrasting Changes in Vegetation Growth due to Different Climate Forcings over the Last Three Decades in the Selenga-Baikal Basin

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