Observed half-lives of 3H, 90Sr and 137Cs in hydrosphere in the Vltava River basin (Bohemia)

Watershed wash-off of atmospherically deposited radionuclides: review of the fluxes and their evolution with time

“…Higher values seem to refer to short-term studies after Chernobyl accident, where slow wash-off could not clearly be distinguished from rapid wash-off (Foulquier and Baudin-Jaulent, 1990) or where slow wash-off was not fully effective (Saxén, 1994). Lower values seem to correspond to longer term studies, or longer delays after major radionuclide deposits, where much slower trends could be captured (Hanslik et al, 2002(Hanslik et al, , 2005.…”

“…In such situations, observed wash-off rate constants reach up to 2%/yr, and are approximately five times higher than for similar watersheds with clay soils. Bergström et al (1997), IAEA (2000), Monte (1993Monte ( , 1995Monte ( , 1997Monte ( , 2001, Smith et al (2004) and Vray et al (2003Vray et al ( , 2005) Liquid wash-off l 1 90 Sr 0.02e0.16 /yr 16 Bergström et al (1997), Monte (1995Monte ( , 2001 and Smith et al (2004) Solid wash-off l 1 137 Cs 0.15e1.56 /yr 10 Maringer (1996), Maringer et al (1997), Monte (1997) and Mundschenk (1996) Total wash-off l 1 137 Cs 0.02e1.53 /yr 42 Aarkrog et al (1991Aarkrog et al ( , 1992, Foulquier and Baudin-Jaulent (1990), Hanslik et al (2005Hanslik et al ( , 2002, Monte (1993Monte ( , 1996, Saxén (1994) and Smith et al (2000) Total wash-off l 1 90 Sr 0.05e0.17 /yr 6 Aarkrog et al (1991Aarkrog et al ( , 1992 Saxén (1994) and Smith et al (2000) Watershed area. Wash-off fluxes are generally higher when monitored on small surfaces.…”

Balances of suspended matter and radionuclides in inflow and outflow waters of Orlík Reservoir, Vltava River (Czech Republic)

“…This assumption is in harmony with the high level of distribution coefficient Kd for caesium 137 reported for the Constance lake and the Rhine River in the range 4.6 · 10 4 -2.7 · 10 6 l/kg [4]. The decrease in the deposition of caesium 137 in Orlík reservoir with the observed (effective) half life of 8.0 years corresponds with the half life of the decrease in annual mean specific activity of caesium 137 in bottom sediments sampled from the reservoir and its tributaries with the value of 6.6 years evaluated from the results of monitoring during the period 1990-2002 [2].…”

“…The results of the measurements showed that the activities of strontium 90 and caesium 137 in surface water and components of the hydrosphere (bottom sediments, fish and water plant biomass) in the proximity of Temelín Nuclear Power Plant were gradually decreasing. Concentrations of caesium 137 between the tributaries of Orlík reservoir and downstream observation sites exhibited a decrease while moderate increase was identified for the concentrations of strontium 90 [1,2]. The paper describes results of the analysis of depositions of suspended matter, strontium 90 and caesium 137 in Orlík reservoir.…”

Determination of Symmetrical Index for 3H in Precipitation and 137Cs in Ground Level Air

“…Decreasing trends concentrations of the artificially produced radionuclides could be described by a first order kinetic equation for the whole period of the observation (Hanslik et al 2005). The shape of the kinetic equation for 137 Cs is as follows:…”