Observed building damage patterns and foundation performance in Mexico City following the 2017 M7.1 Puebla-Mexico City earthquake

Franke, Kevin W.; Candia, Gabriel; Mayoral, Juan M.; Wood, Charles D.; Montgomery, Jack; Hutchinson, Tara C.; Morales-Vélez, Alesandra C.

doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105708

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Finally, Zone II presents intermediate characteristics between Zones I and III. Further details of the Zones' characteristics are given by Franke et al (2019).…”

Section: The Earthquake Mexico City's Geotechnical Zones and The Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional and behavioural responses to the 19 September 2017 earthquake: the case of the occupants of three multi-storey buildings

Santos‐Reyes

Gouzeva

2021

DPM

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PurposeStudies on human behaviour during a seismic emergency in tall buildings are scant. During such emergencies, occupants need to reach a safe place. The purpose of this paper is to address some of the emotional and behavioural responses of the occupants of three multi-storey buildings during the 19 September earthquake that hit Mexico City in 2017.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional and non-probability study was conducted using a questionnaire-based survey; the sample size was n = 352, and the study was conducted from 4 October to 20 November 2017.Findings(1) In the 11 storey-building, women, age (18–49 years old [yo]) and participants with higher education exhibited flight behaviour, and those of the six storey-building within the age category 18–49 yo also exhibited a similar behaviour; (2) Women and age (18–49 yo) in the six and 11-storey buildings were significantly associated with fear of the earthquake; (3) Women were significantly more fearful and felt more intense the tremors than men in the 11-storey building; (4) Women were significantly more fearful of the 11-storey building collapsing; (5) The taller the building, the more fearful were the occupants of the building collapsing.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, the sample considered in the study was no probability; consequently, the results should not be generalised to the existing high-rising buildings in Mexico City. Second, some of the variables considered herein were of the Likert-type scale but have been assumed as continuous; in fact, some future work could be the design of a valid and reliable questionnaire to address human behaviour during earthquakes in tall buildings.Practical implicationsThe presented results may be the great value to key decision-makers on how to address the lack of earthquake preparedness during a seismic emergency. Further, the results have shed light on the negative emotions (fear) experienced by the occupants of tall buildings.Social implicationsGaining a better understanding of human behavioural in tall buildings is essential in devising measures to mitigate the impact of earthquake disasters.Originality/valueResearch on human behaviour during a seismic emergency in high-rise buildings is scant. To gain a better understanding of human emotional and behavioural response to earthquakes in tall buildings, it becomes necessary to conduct research such as the present case study. This may help decision-makers to devise measures so that the impact of earthquake disasters may be limited.

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“…Finally, Zone II presents intermediate characteristics between Zones I and III. Further details of the Zones' characteristics are given by Franke et al (2019).…”

Section: The Earthquake Mexico City's Geotechnical Zones and The Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional and behavioural responses to the 19 September 2017 earthquake: the case of the occupants of three multi-storey buildings

Santos‐Reyes

Gouzeva

2021

DPM

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“…The geographical distributions of damage of the 1985 and the 2017 events also highlight the fundamentally different effect of intraslab and interplate earthquakes in the Mexico City building environment. The 1985 Michoacan earthquake-interplate event-concentrated damage in structures located on the long period deposits of the lake-bed zone, whereas the 2017 Puebla-Morelos earthquake-intraslab event-affected buildings mainly located on the transition zone as depicted in Figure 4 of Franke et al (2019). Figure 7b shows that about 91% of the collapsed buildings were designed with a seismic code older than the 1987 Mexico's Federal District, which might imply that they were designed without proper ductile detailing as observed during the reconnaissance mission (e.g.…”

Section: Collapse Distribution and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Collapse Distribution and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of collapsed buildings in Mexico City after the 19 September 2017 (M_w7.1) earthquake

et al. 2020

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An intraslab normal-faulting earthquake struck the central region of Mexico on 19 September 2017, leading to the collapse of 44 buildings in Mexico City. After the earthquake, the authors collected information in situ and through social media about the collapsed buildings, which was statistically processed to identify the causes of their collapse. This article presents the main collapse statistics, which revealed that 64% of the collapsed buildings had between 1 and 5 stories, 61% had a seismic-force-resisting system based on reinforced concrete columns with flat slabs, 57% experienced a soft-story mechanism, 91% were built before 1985, 43% were located at the corner blocks, and 10% exhibited pounding with neighboring buildings. The spatial distribution of the collapsed buildings and the recorded ground motion features suggest that short- and medium-period buildings having well-known vulnerabilities were particularly prone to collapse under amplified high-frequency seismic waves typical of intraslab normal-faulting earthquakes, such as the 2017 Puebla–Morelos earthquake.

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“…Collapse and major structural damage was observed in on-site structures in some areas within the so-called lake, transition, and hill zones during the Puebla-Mexico 19 September 2017 earthquake (Asimaki et al, 2020; Franke et al, 2019; Mayoral et al, 2019a, 2019b, 2019c, 2019d; Montgomery et al, 2020; Roman et al, 2019; Wood et al, 2019). Overall, tunnel seismic performance was considered satisfactory; however, the tunnel discussed herein presented minor cracking in the primary lining (Figure 10).…”

Section: Observed Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Tunnel performance during the Puebla-Mexico 19 September 2017 earthquake

et al. 2020

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Seismic performance of tunnels during earthquakes in densely populated areas requires assessing complex interactions with existing infrastructure such as bridges, urban overpasses, and metro stations, including low- to medium-rise buildings. This article presents the numerical study of an instrumented tunnel, currently under construction on stiff soils, located in the western part of Mexico City, during the Puebla-Mexico 19 September 2017 earthquake. Three-dimensional finite difference models were developed using the software FLAC3D. Initially, the static response of the tunnel was evaluated accounting for the excavation technique. Then, the seismic performance evaluation of the tunnel was carried out, computing ground deformations and factors of safety, considering soil nonlinearities. Good agreement was observed between predicted and observed damage during post-event site observations. Once the soundness of the numerical model was established, a numerical study was undertaken to investigate the effect of frequency content in tunnel-induced ground motion incoherence for tunnels built in cemented stiff soils. A series of strong ground motions recorded during normal and subduction events were used in the simulations, considering a return period of 250 years, as recommended in the Mexico City building code. From the results, it was concluded that the tunnel presence leads to important frequency content modification in the tunnel surroundings which can affect low- to mid-rise stiff structures located nearby. This important finding must be taken into account when assessing the seismic risk in highly populated urban areas, such as Mexico City.

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Observed building damage patterns and foundation performance in Mexico City following the 2017 M7.1 Puebla-Mexico City earthquake

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Emotional and behavioural responses to the 19 September 2017 earthquake: the case of the occupants of three multi-storey buildings

Emotional and behavioural responses to the 19 September 2017 earthquake: the case of the occupants of three multi-storey buildings

Overview of collapsed buildings in Mexico City after the 19 September 2017 (M_w7.1) earthquake

Tunnel performance during the Puebla-Mexico 19 September 2017 earthquake

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Observed building damage patterns and foundation performance in Mexico City following the 2017 M7.1 Puebla-Mexico City earthquake

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Emotional and behavioural responses to the 19 September 2017 earthquake: the case of the occupants of three multi-storey buildings

Emotional and behavioural responses to the 19 September 2017 earthquake: the case of the occupants of three multi-storey buildings

Overview of collapsed buildings in Mexico City after the 19 September 2017 (Mw7.1) earthquake

Tunnel performance during the Puebla-Mexico 19 September 2017 earthquake

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Overview of collapsed buildings in Mexico City after the 19 September 2017 (M_w7.1) earthquake