Observations Sur Le Transit Des Aliments Liquides Au Niveau De La Gouttière Œsophagienne Chez Le Veau Préruminant Et Ruminant

Guilhermet, R.; Mathieu, Christel; Toullec, R.

doi:10.1051/rnd:19730417

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…NW calves were suckling from birth to slaughter, suggesting the persistence of the reticular groove closing reflex during their entire life, leading to the direct passage of milk components directly into the abomasum. Indeed, 80% of milk components would escape from rumen fermentation in 1-year-old ruminant calves (Guilhermet et al, 1973). Moreover, the closing reflex of the reticular groove could persist in varying degrees in the adult ruminant, given a mixture of liquid and solid foods (Dobarganes .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of these microbial transformations, the FA contained in rumen lipids and post-ruminal digesta differ from those present in the diet. Liquid alimentary sources like milk activate the reticular groove closing reflex, which allows the direct passage of liquid food to the abomasum, without being transformed in the rumen (Guilhermet et al, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of weaning and finishing feeding treatment on fatty acids, especially cis and trans C18:1 isomers, in the Longissimus thoracis muscle of Galician Blond calves

Bispo

Moreno²,

Thomas

et al. 2011

Animal

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Seven-to 10-month-old calves are the typical production of Galician Blond (GB), the most important bovine local beef breed in Spain. As meat lipid repercussions on human health depend on their fatty acid (FA) profile, this study aimed at analysing the individual FA at weaning and at the end of the feeding finishing period, especially trans and cis 18:1 isomers in total lipids of the Longissimus thoracis muscle in GB male calves. Distribution of main FA in veal lipids was characterized by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis on a high polar glass capillary column. Total trans and cis 18:1 isomers were purified, from total FA (TFA) methyl esters, by preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, to allow subsequent specific analysis of their different isomers by GLC. Calves stayed with their mothers at pasture for 2 or 5 months in intensive or semi-extensive systems, followed by an indoor feeding period. The weaned (W) group was finished on concentrate and hay, whereas the non-weaned (NW) group was finished on concentrate and hay and it continued suckling until slaughter. The studied effects did not present interactions. The duration of the indoor finishing period hardly had a significant influence on the parameters analysed. Compared to W calves, NW calves had higher proportions (% TFA) of 18:3n-3 (138%, P , 0.0001), 20:5n-3 (122%, P 5 0.005), 22:5n-3 (113%, P 5 0.042), cis monounsaturated FA (MUFA; 18%, P 5 0.032), total MUFA (18%, P 5 0.013), n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA; 125%, P 5 0.0001) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; 148%, P , 0.0001) to the detriment of 18:0 (210%, P 5 0.002), 18:2n-6 (225%, P 5 0.004) and n-6 PUFA (220%, P 5 0.011). With regard to cis and trans 18:1 isomers, NW calves had higher proportions (% total cis or trans 18:1) of D11trans and D16trans (125% and 122%, respectively, P , 0.01) and D13 1 14trans (113%, P , 0.05) and lower proportions of D6 to 8 and D10trans (228% and 58%, respectively, P , 0.001). NW calves' meat might be more suitable for human health than W calves' meat due to the increase of anti-atherogenous FA such as n-3 PUFA, CLA and 18:1 D11trans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of weaning and finishing feeding treatment on fatty acids, especially cis and trans C18:1 isomers, in the Longissimus thoracis muscle of Galician Blond calves

Bispo

Moreno²,

Thomas

et al. 2011

Animal

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“…The groove may lose its closing reflex for liquids which are not drunk eagerly when solid food is introduced into the diet (0rskov, personal communication). Moreover, with bucket-fed calves, the closure is seldom complete (Hegland et al 1957;Guilhermet, Mathieu & Toullec, 1973). Consequently the sampling conc|ppns were kept as constant as possible for better reproducibility.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of age, dietary protein and weaning on calf abomasal enzymic secretion

Garnot¹,

Toullec

et al. 1977

Journal of Dairy Research

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Using fistulated calves, the influence of the age, type of dietary protein and weaning on the secretion of chymosin and pepsin by the abomasum were studied. The abomasum secreted both chymosin and pepsin when the animals were fed milk. Chymosin secretion appeared to be independent of the age of the animals, whereas a slow increase in pepsin secretion was observed as the calves aged. Several preruminant animals were fed either a skim-milk diet or a milt substitute in which proteins were provided by fish, soya or whey concentrates. Each of these 3 milk substitutes led to a decrease in chymosin secretion without modification of pepsin secretion. Chymosin secretion was partly restored when the calves were again given a skim-milk diet. At weaning, chymosin secretion dropped abruptly, but the pepsin level was not affected. These results indicate that milk (most probably its casein fraction) is responsible for the activation of chymosin secretion.For the newborn mammal, milk is the main food, and growth depends on its efficient absorption from the digestive tract. Coagulation of the caseins in the stomach controls and slows down the flow of the chyme into the duodenum at a time when the volume of pancreatic secretion is still low. Pepsin, chymosin (if present) and hydrogen ions are responsible for milk coagulation.In the preruminant animal the functional part of the stomach is the abomasum which secretes chymosin, a milk-clotting acid protease. It was once considered that the level of pepsin was very low in the abomasum of the milk-fed calf and that at weaning the consumption of solid food caused chymosin secretion to cease and pepsin secretion to increase (Berridge et al. 1943). However, Grosskopf (1959), Henschel, Hill & Porter (1961) and Hill, Noakes & Lowe (1970 have shown that, even in milk-fed calves, appreciable pepsin activity could be detected in the abomasum. Garnot et al. (1974) have presented quantitative data on the chymosin and pepsin levels in the abomasum of slaughtered preruminant calves. So far, there is little information on the effect of age on these levels. Nain et al. (1972) observed a decrease in chymosin secretion at 3 months of age, but the diets were not specified. The clotting activity was found to be high in the abomasum of the fetal cab 0 (Kirton, Paterson &

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Effect of weaning status on lipids of Galician Blond veal: Total fatty acids and 18:1 cis and trans isomers

et al. 2010

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Observations Sur Le Transit Des Aliments Liquides Au Niveau De La Gouttière Œsophagienne Chez Le Veau Préruminant Et Ruminant

Abstract: A differenciation between « normal » faeces and caecotrophes can be detected in the distal colon. When

Cited by 6 publications

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Effects of weaning and finishing feeding treatment on fatty acids, especially cis and trans C18:1 isomers, in the Longissimus thoracis muscle of Galician Blond calves

Effects of weaning and finishing feeding treatment on fatty acids, especially cis and trans C18:1 isomers, in the Longissimus thoracis muscle of Galician Blond calves

Influence of age, dietary protein and weaning on calf abomasal enzymic secretion

Effect of weaning status on lipids of Galician Blond veal: Total fatty acids and 18:1 cis and trans isomers

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