Observations on the Virus of Contagious Pustular Dermatitis

Manley, F.H.

doi:10.1016/s0372-5545(17)38813-2

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The scabs from infected animals became nonvirulent in 2 hours by carbolic acid (1:100), formalin (1:2000) and mercuric chloride (1:20000) but not by potassium permangnate ((1:20000) as observed by Manley (1934). The virus was less penetrable by proteolytic enzymes and stains than vaccinia and related viruses (Abdussalam and Cosslett, 1957) but trypsin treatment slightly increased the virus titer presumably by releasing intracellular virus (Sawhney and Toschkov, 1972).…”

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…irradiation (Sawhney, 1972), heat stable (Sawhney, 1972), filterable, resistant to pH-3 and behaved similar to pox viruses (Precausta and Stellmann, 1974). The virus in dried scabs was viable from 8 months to more than a year at room temperature (Manley, 1934;Newsom and Cross, 1934), but crusts exposed to external conditions lost their infectivity rapidly (Manley, 1934: Aptow, 2010) during summer. However, during winter infectivity persisted for at least 6 months (Boughton and Hard, 1935).…”

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It passed through collodian membranes APD 700 micron (Hart et al, 1949) and loss in potency/infectivity (Manley, 1934;Newsom and Cross, 1934) but completely retained by Mandler Normal candles (Newsom and Cross, 1934).…”

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The virus was less penetrable by proteolytic enzymes and stains than vaccinia and related viruses (Abdussalam and Cosslett, 1957) but trypsin treatment slightly increased the virus titer presumably by releasing intracellular virus (Sawhney and Toschkov, 1972). The virus was rapidly destroyed by 50% glycerine (Manley, 1934) but 10% glycerol prolonged the survival time at 4˚C and DSG-72 preserved total viability during lyophilization (Saddour, 1989).…”

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The naturally recovered or vaccinated (With attenuated strain) animals were protected against reinfection or repeated challenge irrespective of the inhibition of growth of virus by immune serum (Manley, 1934;Khanduev et al, 1970). Detection of specific antibody to orf virus by ELISA Yirrel et al, 1989), western blotting and peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) proliferative response (Yirrel et al, 1989) revealed seroconversion of infected animals.…”

Section: Advances In Animal and Veterinary Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Contagious Pustular Dermatitis (Orf Disease) - Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Control and Public Health Concerns

Kumar¹,

Trivedi²,

Bhatt³

et al. 2015

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

| Contagious pustular dermatitis (CPD), also known as Orf or contagious ecthyma is an important viral disease of sheep and goats. It is mainly seen as a benign disease but malignant form has also been reported from few parts of the world. The rates of morbidity and mortality are higher, particularly in lambs and kids experiencing the disease for the first time. The causative agent of disease is Orf virus, type species of the genus Parapoxvirus belonging to family Poxviridae. The virus produces localized persistent proliferative skin lesions and affected hosts are infected repeatedly owing to its host immune evasive strategy. These viruses have been found uniformly labile to chloroform but resistant to ether and also exhibit antigenic variations among them. Clinically, the disease is enzootic and occurs in three forms viz. labial, genital / mammary and generalized forms. The incubation period in natural cases is 2-3 weeks. The disease outbreaks mostly occur between autumn and spring but its severity is more in autumn and winter than spring. The virus grows well in cell cultures of caprine, ovine and bovine origin. Confounding symptoms impose laboratory affirmation by serological assays or molecular techniques. The disease can be diagnosed by electron microscopy, serological tests and PCR/ quantitative real-time PCR. Virus specific antibody response to structural proteins of capripox and orf viruses in western-blot analysis readily differentiates these two infections. The antibody response to the 32 kDa and 26 kDa proteins of capripox viruses provides a firm basis for differentiation. Although, the role of humoral immunity is well established but probably cell mediated immunity plays a major role in recovery from natural infections. A number of inactivated and live or live modified vaccines have been tried with variable success. The duration of immunity after vaccination is controversial; outbreaks have occurred in vaccinated animals. The disease is also of public health significance as it causes infection in human beings. Keywords

show abstract

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%