Observations on the structure of the phytotoxic glycopeptide of Corynebacterium sepedonicum

Phytotoxins Produced by Plant Parasites

“…The toxin appeared to be a highly branched glycopeptide as shown by NMR. This was confirmed by the work of Strobel, Talmadge & Albersheim (130) in which the toxin was methylated, hydrolyzed, reduced, and acetylated. The monomers were separated by gas chromatography and analyzed by mass spectroscopy.…”

The Plant Pathogenic Corynebacteria

“…insidiosum appears to be a polymer of D-glucose, D-galactose, L-fucose, and pyruvic acid residues (60), whereas a e. m. ssp. sepedonicum polysaccharide was reported to consist largely of mannose, glucose, galactose, and 2-keto-3-deoxygluconic acid (165). The latter results differ from those of Gorin & Spencer (59), who found a preponderance of galactose, glucose, and fucose in NCPPB 9850.…”

“…According to Gorin & Spencer (59), these compounds contained high concentrations (29-46%) of fucose, al-VIDAVER though Strobel and associates, using unidentifi ed strains, found little or no fucose in C. m. ssp. sepedonicum (162,165) and differing quantities in C. m. ssp. insidiosum strains (131, 132).…”

Non-S-layer glycoproteins in eubacteria

“…Space limitations preclude giving an extensive list of the glycoproteins reported to date; there is a partial list elsewhere [9], but it includes some S-layer proteins. It should be pointed out that the proteins cover a range of locations and functions, including: an intracellular toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis [see 9]; membrane proteins from Micrococcus lysodeikticus [13]; an N-acetylmuramoylhydrolase from Streptococcus fecium [see 9]; outer membrane proteins from Bacteroides nodosus [14] and Borrelia burgdorferi [7]; an adhesive fibril glycoprotein from Streptococcus salivarius [15]; proteins in the surface-associated cellulosome complexes from Clostridium thermocellum [6] and Bacteroides cellulosolvens [16]; a pectin-degrading complex from Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum [17]; extracellular/3-1,4-glycanases from Cellulomonas fimi [5], Thermomonospora fusca [18] and Streptomyces lividans [19]; and an extracellular phytotoxic peptide from Corynebacterium sepedonicum [20].…”

“…kurstaki contains glucose and mannose, whereas in ssp. israelensis it contains glucosamine and galactosamine [see 9]; the pectin-degrading complex from C. thermosaccharolyticum contains N-acetylgalactosamine and galactose [17]; the phytotoxic glycopeptide from C. sepedonicum contains primarily mannose and glucose, with a mannose residue O-linked to threonine [20]; and Cex produced in S. lividans contains mannose and galactose [23].…”