Observations on the Sintering of Compactsfrom a Mixture of Iron and Copper Powders

Lenel, F. V.; Pecanha, Thales

doi:10.1179/pom.1973.16.32.011

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The swelling mechanism accepted today is that liquid copper penetrates into iron interparticle boundaries, and leads to the swelling. Pores are left at the copper original sites [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of swelling of Fe–Cu compacts sintered at temperatures above the copper melting point

Zhang

Sandström

Wang

2004

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of swelling of Fe–Cu compacts sintered at temperatures above the copper melting point

Zhang

Sandström

Wang

2004

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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“…is described. However, the deoxidation experiments with the system Fe–C have never shown significant amounts of methane; neither in the old literature [57, 58] nor in the more recent one [26, 59], significant carbon loss via methane formation is reported. However, when the advanced chromium and manganese prealloyed steels were introduced, the appearance of methane in the temperature range of about 700–950°C was observed.…”

Section: Reduction Process During Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions between ferrous powder compacts and atmospheres during sintering – an overview

Gierl‐Mayer

2020

Powder Metallurgy

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This overview paper describes the interaction of powder metallurgical iron-base alloys with the atmosphere during sintering. The methods of thermal analysis serve to clarify the processes that take place especially during the heating stage of the sintering cycle. After a discussion of the physical and chemical fundamentals of the sintering process, the methods of thermal analysis are explained. The differences between plain iron and alloyed systems are discussed in detail. Classical PM low alloy steels with alloying elements, such as Cu, Ni and Mo, react in a similar way as unalloyed carbon steels. The situation changes dramatically, when oxygen sensitive elements as chromium, manganese and even more silicon come into play. The removal of the surface oxygen is much more crucial, and there are several competing reactions, which have to be considered when these systems should be sintered in industrial scale to reach the desired mechanical and dimensional properties.

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“…The early pioneers of ferrous PM parts’ production were however well advised to focus on Cu, Ni and Mo as alloy elements [16] since these metals form relatively unstable oxides, with a Gibbs free energy of formation that is similar to or even less negative than that of iron [17]. This means that any sintering atmosphere that does not oxidise iron will not oxidise these elements, either, and therefore the requirements towards O 2 and H 2 O contents of the atmosphere are rather low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical reactions during sintering of PM steel compacts as a function of the alloying route

2018

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Due to their large specific surface, powders and powder compacts typically contain significant amounts of oxygen which has to be removed in the early stages of sintering. In the present study, it is shown that the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the oxygen affinity within the compact, which depends on the alloying route chosen, strongly affects the de-oxidation process. For several types of alloy steels, it is shown that systems alloyed through the mixing or master alloy route and containing elements with widely varying oxygen affinity exhibit oxygen transfer reactions through the internal gas phase. For pre-alloyed grades, in which the oxygen affinity is homogeneous, i.e. consistent between the powder particles, transfer reactions occur rather within the metallic particles themselves. In any case, the sintering temperature should be selected such as to grant reduction also of the most stable oxides contained.

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Observations on the Sintering of Compactsfrom a Mixture of Iron and Copper Powders

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Modelling of swelling of Fe–Cu compacts sintered at temperatures above the copper melting point

Modelling of swelling of Fe–Cu compacts sintered at temperatures above the copper melting point

Reactions between ferrous powder compacts and atmospheres during sintering – an overview

Chemical reactions during sintering of PM steel compacts as a function of the alloying route

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