Observations on the Relationship between Embryological Development, Time of Conception, and Gestation

Goss, Charles Mayo; Popejoy, Lee T.; Fusiler, John L.; Smith, Tom

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-3310-9.50011-4

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…(Epple, 1970;Gengozian et al, 1977;Cross and Martin, 19811, and 125-143 days for Leontopithecus (Wilson, 1977;Kleiman, 1977a). Thus, the callitrichids all have gestation lengths less than that of the smallest cebid, Saimiri, which is 168-172 days (Goss et al, 1968). As stated earlier, only one female per group is usually reproductive.…”

Section: Reproduction and Infant Carementioning

confidence: 92%

The ecological role of the callitrichidae: A review

Sussman

Kinzey

1984

American J Phys Anthropol

281

199

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The marmosets and tamarins fill a unique ecological role among the anthropoid primates, one that has not been fully recognized. Many misconceptions--that they are primitive, monogamous, territorial, and squirrellike--pervade the literature. These misconceptions are largely the result of misinterpreting laboratory studies which have not been confirmed with identified animals in natural habitats. Recent field studies, reviewed here, indicate that marmosets and tamarins have a highly derived ecological role, are not monogamous, feed largely on insects and plant exudates, and have uniquely specialized positional behavior involving clinging to vertical tree trunks in order to feed on exudates. Accompanying these behavioral traits are a number clawlike nails on all digits except the hallux, and a three-cusped upper molar morphology. These form a suite of characteristics unique among the living primates, many of which are related to their ecological role. We believe that the marmosets and tamarins are members of a guild of exudate feeders in which plant exudates are an important component of the diet. It is within this framework of a primate foraging guild that we can best understand many of their morphological and behavioral adaptations.

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Section: Reproduction and Infant Carementioning

confidence: 92%

The ecological role of the callitrichidae: A review

Sussman

Kinzey

1984

American J Phys Anthropol

281

199

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“…The mean gestational periods for squirrel monkeys from various South American regions have been estimated to be between 141 and 180 days (6,10,13,16,22). It is interesting to note, however, that the only other study in which the same insemination criterion was used to estimate the time of conception (13) resulted in an estimated range of gestation (141 -154 days) for animals of Colombian origin almost identi cal to that found in the present study (141-158 days) for animals of Bolivian origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty-six animals had both plugs and sperm, 12 had sperm only, and nine had plugs with no detectable sperm. This type of mass is apparently of seminal origin, has been termed a seminal plug or copulatory plug, and has been used as a criterion of insemination by others (6,13). In view of the excessive time required to prepare and examine lavage samples compared with the relative ease of testing for the presence of the plugs, we decided to abandon the examinations for sperm and to use the presence of a plug as the sole criterion of insemination for the remainder of the study.…”

Section: Animals and Breeding Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies with Timed-Pregnant Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

et al. 1979

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Timed-pregnant monkeys were produced in a large nonhabituated colony of Saimiri sciureus of Bolivian origin. In a colony of 373 females and 40 males, 277 females (74%) were considered to be inseminated, based on microscopic observation of sperm and/or detection of a coagulum (plug) in the vagina. Forty-six full-term progeny were delivered. The mean gestational period was 152.5 days (SD = 3.9 days). For continuous cohabitation, the median time to insemination was five days, with 75% of inseminations occurring within eight days. Pregnancy evaluation (mouse bioassay) indicated a high level of resorptions within the first 50 days of gestation. This may help explain the low birthrates reported for other nonhabituated colonies.

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“…The mating phase is usually associated with the season of relatively reduced humidity [D u m o n d , 1968] but may also be influenced by levels of illumination [R osenblum , 1968a]. Births follow approximately 170 days later [Goss et al, 1968] during the wetter months of the year when food availability is presumably greater [Ba l d w in , 1968;D um o n d , 1968; T h o r in g t o n , 1968]. As a consequence, the timing of these reproductive phases in different geo graphical areas varies according to the local climatic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Reproductive Strategy of the Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus)

Coe¹,

Rosenblum²

1978

IJFP

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The physiological and behavioral factors underlying the annual reproductive cycle of the squirrel monkey were evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions. Mating activity following the formation of two social groups served to synchronize the reproductive phases during the subsequent year of observation. Changes in male and female reproductive status were assessed during four designated phases: breeding, pregnancy, lactation and fatting. Behavioral and somatic changes in gonadectomized subjects, living in the social groups, were also evaluated. The variations in behavior and physiology across the year were considered in terms of factors constraining the timing of the natural reproductive pattern.

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Observations on the Relationship between Embryological Development, Time of Conception, and Gestation

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

The ecological role of the callitrichidae: A review

The ecological role of the callitrichidae: A review

Studies with Timed-Pregnant Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

Annual Reproductive Strategy of the Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus)

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