Observations on the Pilot Whale in Captivity

Kritzler, Henry

doi:10.2307/1375770

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The diurnal pattern of dives for Y-400 is consistent with some previous reports of the animals being more active at night (Kritzler, 1952); making generally shallower, probably nonfeeding dives during the day when the deep scattering layer is deep; and making deeper dives at night, presumably to meet the rising layer (Olson, 2009). Baird et al (2003) and Andrews et al (2011) reported that short-finned pilot whales off Hawaii made some of their deepest dives during the day, but made nearly four times as many deep dives at night, presumably in response to the depth of vertically migrating prey.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Movements and Dive Patterns of Short-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) Released from a Mass Stranding in the Florida Keys

Wells¹

2013

Aquat Mamm

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Movements and Dive Patterns of Short-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) Released from a Mass Stranding in the Florida Keys

Wells¹

2013

Aquat Mamm

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“…2b). Similar synchronization of behavior to the feeding schedule had also been reported by Kritzler [1952] in a pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhyncha) and by Liu et al [1987] in a captive baiji (Lipotes vexillifer).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Although the captive cetaceans were fed usually only during the day, and some animals may synchronize their circadian rhythms with the feeding restriction to a certain degree [Kritzler, 1952;Boulos and Terman, 1980], the nighttime behavior of the captive Yangtze finless porpoises under a daytime feeding regime has not been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal changes of behavior and respiration of Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) in captivity

Xiao

Wang

2005

Zoo Biol.

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A preliminary study was carried out to investigate diurnal changes of behavior of three, one adult male, one adult female, and one juvenile female, Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) in captivity. The respiration and behavior of the porpoises were recorded for 222 hr across 42 days. Behavioral data were recorded for eight general categories: aerial display and fast swimming, begging for fish, playing, nonsexual socializing, sexual behavior, resting, rubbing, and miscellaneous (i.e., other behaviors not included in the above categories). Each behavioral category was scored using one-zero sampling with 10-min intervals. The adult male showed shorter mean respiratory intervals at night (19:00-7:00 h), whereas the mean respiratory intervals of the females were shorter during the day (7:00-19:00 h). Begging for fish of all individuals, playing of the juvenile female, nonsexual socializing, and miscellaneous behavior of the adult female and resting of the male were observed more easily in the day, and aerial display and fast swimming of the adults and resting of the females were observed more easily at night. No significant diurnal difference was found, however, in the remaining categories of each individual. Each of the three porpoises therefore showed a distinct diurnal pattern, but none was obviously more active in the daytime than during the nighttime. Results suggest that daytime-only feeding schedules may be insufficient to meet the energetic needs of marine mammals that show a 24-hr activity cycle, and that nighttime feeding may be a worthwhile addition to husbandry routines.

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“…Pilot whales have a tendency to follow conspecific 'pilot' leaders, which may explain their common name and also make them particularly vulnerable to drive fisheries and mass stranding events (Kritzler, 1952;Fehring and Wells, 1976;Ellis, 1982). Long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas Traill 1809) inhabit the deep waters of the North Atlantic and feed on squid and other prey normally found down to 600m (Baird et al, 2002;Aguilar Soto et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An infant pilot whale, prior to growing the distinctively large melon, may resemble a false killer whale. While recording and analysis of the acoustic signals of the pilot whale have been carried out for over 40 years (Scheville, 1964;Busnel and Dziedzic, 1966), and the whales are assumed to echolocate (Evans, 1973), hearing studies have not been attempted despite the fact that they have long been kept successfully in captivity (Kritzler, 1952;Brown and Norris, 1956;Brown, 1960;Bowers and Henderson, 1972). Hearing among members of the subfamily Globicephalinae such as false killer whales, pilot whales, melonheaded whales, pygmy killer whales and Risso's dolphins have not been extensively studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audiogram of a formerly stranded long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas) measured using auditory evoked potentials

Pacini

Nachtigall

Kloepper

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYLong-finned pilot whales are highly social odontocetes found in temperate and subpolar regions. This species is particularly known for its interaction with fisheries as well as its mass strandings. Recent tagging work has provided some information about pilot whales in the wild but, even though they have been successfully kept in captivity, little is known about their sensory capabilities. This study investigates the hearing abilities of a rehabilitated 2year old male long-finned pilot whale. A complete audiogram was collected using auditory evoked potential techniques that included measurements of nine frequencies from 4 to 100kHz presented as sinusoidally amplitude-modulated tones. The results indicated that the region of best hearing was between 11.2 and 50kHz and the subject had relatively poor high frequency hearing compared with other odontocete species. This study emphasizes the importance of collecting basic hearing measurements from new species, understanding diagnostic life histories as well as continuously increasing the sample size of audiometry measurements within and between odontocete species as animals become available.

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Observations on the Pilot Whale in Captivity

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Movements and Dive Patterns of Short-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) Released from a Mass Stranding in the Florida Keys

Movements and Dive Patterns of Short-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) Released from a Mass Stranding in the Florida Keys

Diurnal changes of behavior and respiration of Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) in captivity

Audiogram of a formerly stranded long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas) measured using auditory evoked potentials

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