Observations on the Phagocytosis of the Pneumococcus by Human Whole Blood

Ward, Hugh K.

doi:10.1084/jem.51.5.675

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The streptococcidal action was studied in the whole defibrinated blood by the method of Todd, as employed by Ward (8) and Finland and Sutliff (9) in studying the pneumococcus. Different dilutions of an 18-hour broth culture of the hemolytic streptococcus were added to 0.5 cc.…”

Section: Methods Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection Ii. The Serological Reactions of the Blood During Erysipelas 1

Spink¹,

Keefer²

1936

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Methods Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection Ii. The Serological Reactions of the Blood During Erysipelas 1

Spink¹,

Keefer²

1936

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The antibody response of human beings to Type III pneumococcal pneumonia (3) or to immunization with the specific carbohydrate of this type (4) is quite similar to that of other common pneumococcal types (3,4). The blood of many normal adults and children has bactericidal properties against the Type III pneumococcus (5). This bactericidal power is inhibited by the type-specific capsular polysaccharide and is enhanced by specific antiserum (5a, 6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Studies in Patients With Pneumococcus Type Iii Pneumonia Treated With Sul-Fanilamide and Serum

Finland¹,

Brown²

1939

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the past season (November 1937 to May 1938 we had an opportunity to study the immune reactions of a group of patients with Pneumococcus Type III pneumonia before and during treatment with sulfanilamide and typespecific antipneumococcal rabbit serums used separately or in combination. Observations were also made on the effect of these substances, in zitro, on the bactericidal action of the blood of the patients taken before treatment. In this paper we present the results of these tests and attempt to correlate them with the course of the disease. Clinical results are reported in a separate communication ( 1 ).The irregular and atypical response of animals to immunization with Type III pneumococci has been reported by a number of workers (2). The antibody response of human beings to Type III pneumococcal pneumonia (3) or to immunization with the specific carbohydrate of this type (4) is quite similar to that of other common pneumococcal types (3, 4). The blood of many normal adults and children has bactericidal properties against the Type III pneumococcus (5). This bactericidal power is inhibited by the type-specific capsular polysaccharide and is enhanced by specific antiserum (5a, 6). The latter can also neutralize the antibactericidal action of the specific carbohydrate when used in proper concentrations (6).Robertson and his coworkers (7) studied the pneumococcidal-promoting action of the serum of 3 patients during the course of Type III pneumonia. There was some activity on the first or second day in each instance. One patient had a negative blood culture throughout the course of the disease and recovered. A second patient with less pneumococcidal-promoting activity in the serum had a positive blood culture on the first and second days.Subsequent blood cultures were sterile; there was an increase in the pneumococcidal-promoting action of the serum and recovery. The third patient had a high titer of the pneumococcidal-prpmoting antibody and a sterile blood culture at 48 hours, but beginning the following day the blood culture became and remained positive and the antibody was no longer demonstrable, the bacteremia increased and the patient died.Sulfanilamide has been shown to have bacteriostatic and bactericidal action on Type III pneumococci in titro (8). Experimental infections with this organism in rats and mice have been successfully treated with the drug (9). Favorable clinical results in small groups of cases of Type III pneumococcal pneumonia have been reported (10). There were no successfully treated bacteremic cases except 3 recorded by Bullowa (11). MATERIALS AND METHODSThe patients chosen for study each had clinical and x-ray or pathological evidence of pneumonia and Type III pneumococci were identified in one or more specimens of sputum by the Neufeld method (12) and/or isolated after mouse inoculation. Some had typical lobar pneumonia while in others the pulmonary consolidation was atypical in distribution (bronchopneumonia). The non-pneumonic subjects were either laboratory workers or hosp...

show abstract

“…Earlier studies with pneumococci have indicated that the pneumococcidal power of opsoninleukocyte mixtures and of defibrinated blood is inhibited by the type-specific cap-. sular polysaccharide but not by the heterologous capsular polysaccharides [30][31][32]. It has also been shown that the injection of type 2 capsular polysaccharide into mice increases the infectivity of attenuated type 2 pneumococci and this effect is type-specific [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Escherichia coli with sufficient K antigen to resist killing by complement has been found resistant to phagocytosis [9]. Furthermore, it has been shown that the capsular polysaccharides of pneumococci need not be present around the cell in the form of a capsule to be able to inhibit phagocytosis, but they retain this activity in solution [8,30,31]. In general, the capsule can be regarded as one of the important virulence factors of microorganisms, although bacterial strains possessing well developed capsules are not always virulent for animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Capsular Polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on Host Resistance to Bacterial Infections

Kato

Nakashima

1976

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When Klebsiella pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide (CPS‐K) from type 1, Kasuya strain, was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) immediately before i.p. bacterial challenge, the survival time of mice infected with Salmonella enteritidis NUB 1 (virulent strain) was shortened and the mortality rate for mice infected with S. enteritidis NUB 31 (avirulent strain) was enhanced. The promotion of infection with S. enteritidis NUB 1 by CPS‐K depended upon its dose, the effect of CPS‐K being demonstrable up to as little as 0.2 μg per mouse. In the case of S. enteritidis NUB 31, the effect of CPS‐K was detectable only when more than 20 μg per mouse was injected. As a result of enumeration of bacterial populations in the peritoneal washing, blood, liver and spleen, it was revealed that CPS‐K promoted in vivo growth of S. enteritidis NUB 1 and NUB 31. In addition, CPS‐K enhanced the mortality rate in mice infected with Streptococcus pyogenes or Streptococcus pneumoniae. The peak CPS‐K effect on infection with S. enteritidis NUB 1 was seen when given immediately before bacterial challenge. The active substance responsible for the infection‐promoting effect of CPS‐K was neutral CPS‐K, which is distinct from the O antigen and from acidic CPS‐K (the type‐specific capsular antigen). Preparations of neutral CPS‐K isolated from the other three strains of K. pneumoniae exhibited a marked infection‐promoting effect comparable with that of preparations from the Kasuya strain. Neutral CPS‐K, with identical antigenicity to that from the Kasuya strain, has already been found to exert a strong adjuvant effect on antibody responses to various antigens in mice. No parallelism exists between infection‐promoting activity and adjuvant activity of neutral CPS‐K.

show abstract

Observations on the Phagocytosis of the Pneumococcus by Human Whole Blood

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Studies of Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection Ii. The Serological Reactions of the Blood During Erysipelas 1

Studies of Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection Ii. The Serological Reactions of the Blood During Erysipelas 1

Immunological Studies in Patients With Pneumococcus Type Iii Pneumonia Treated With Sul-Fanilamide and Serum

Effect of Capsular Polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on Host Resistance to Bacterial Infections

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About