Observations on the Effects of Insulin in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Rabinowitch, I. M.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1923.00110230152014

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The awareness of DHA, sometimes called “dioxyacetone,” in carbohydrate metabolism dates back to the early 1900s. 64,65 One of the first proposed therapeutic applications of DHA was for the treatment of diabetes. Rabinowitch published reports on the ability of DHA to reduce the dosage of insulin needed by diabetics.…”

Section: Dihydroxyacetone Synthonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rabinowitch published reports on the ability of DHA to reduce the dosage of insulin needed by diabetics. 64,66–68 It was not until the late 1950s, however, that DHA gained interest for its first major commercial use: sunless tanning lotions. Eva Wittgenstein noticed that when children accidentally “spit up” an orally administered solution of DHA onto their skin, pigmentation occurred.…”

Section: Dihydroxyacetone Synthonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dihydroxyacetone (DHA, I, Figure a), a three-carbon sugar, is an important metabolite in humans, yeast, bacteria, and plants. The awareness of DHA, sometimes called “dioxyacetone,” in carbohydrate metabolism dates back to the early 1900s. , One of the first proposed therapeutic applications of DHA was for the treatment of diabetes. Rabinowitch published reports on the ability of DHA to reduce the dosage of insulin needed by diabetics. ,− It was not until the late 1950s, however, that DHA gained interest for its first major commercial use: sunless tanning lotions.…”

Section: Dihydroxyacetone Synthonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The awareness of DHA, sometimes called “dioxyacetone,” in carbohydrate metabolism dates back to the early 1900s. , One of the first proposed therapeutic applications of DHA was for the treatment of diabetes. Rabinowitch published reports on the ability of DHA to reduce the dosage of insulin needed by diabetics. ,− It was not until the late 1950s, however, that DHA gained interest for its first major commercial use: sunless tanning lotions. Eva Wittgenstein noticed that when children accidentally “spit up” an orally administered solution of DHA onto their skin, pigmentation occurred .…”

Section: Dihydroxyacetone Synthonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic Biomaterials from Metabolically Derived Synthons

et al. 2016

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The utility of metabolic synthons as the building blocks for new biomaterials is based on the early application and success of hydroxy acid based polyesters as degradable sutures and controlled drug delivery matrices. The sheer number of potential monomers derived from the metabolome (e.g., lactic acid, dihydroxyacetone, glycerol, fumarate) gives rise to almost limitless biomaterial structural possibilities, functionality, and performance characteristics, as well as opportunities for the synthesis of new polymers. This review describes recent advances in new chemistries, as well as the inventive use of traditional chemistries, toward the design and synthesis of new polymers. Specific polymeric biomaterials can be prepared for use in varied medical applications (e.g., drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound repair, etc.) through judicious selection of the monomer and backbone linkage.

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Section: Dihydroxyacetone Synthonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dihydroxyacetone Synthonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dihydroxyacetone Synthonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dihydroxyacetone Synthonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic Biomaterials from Metabolically Derived Synthons

et al. 2016

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“…9 The antihyperglycemic effects of the guanidine compounds and their association with weight loss were first noted in the 1920s, but their story shows the role of chance in successful development of drug therapies. 10 The availability of insulin in the 1920s diverted research, with the result that biguanides were not commercially available until the 1950s. Even at that time, the most widely used biguanide in the United States was phenformin, which was effective at reducing blood glucose levels, but was associated with safety concerns, particularly lactic acidosis.…”

Section: Early Treatment Options Sulfonylureas and Biguanidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Therapeutic Options for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview

Guthrie

2012

Postgraduate Medicine

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The first OADs (sulfonylureas and biguanides) were discovered by chance. Although effective in reducing blood glucose levels, early sulfonylureas were associated with significant off-target effects, and the biguanide phenformin was discontinued due to adverse events. Although metformin is in the same drug class, it has a better safety profile and is now recommended as first-line treatment, except when contraindicated. Nonetheless, many patients require additional glucose control (even on metformin) with an agent that has a complementary mechanism of action. Developments in bench science have facilitated the selection of agents for specific therapeutic targets, with the thiazolidinediones providing an interesting example. This OAD class initially appeared encouraging, yet in clinical practice was associated with safety concerns. As a result, newer agents, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, are undergoing more rigorous safety evaluations than OADs of previous generations. Promising compounds with novel mechanisms of action include the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, the G-protein-coupled receptor agonists, and the balanced dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α/γ agonists. There is optimism that in the next few years, novel classes of OADs that are currently under development will offer additional blood glucose control options via complementary mechanisms of action. However, history has shown that compounds of the same class can have different safety profiles and treatment effects. Therefore, high-quality clinical trial evidence is needed for every compound.

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Der Einfluß des Insulins auf den respiratorischen Stoffwechsel

Macleod

1927

Kohlehydratstoffwechsel Und Insulin

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Observations on the Effects of Insulin in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Synthetic Biomaterials from Metabolically Derived Synthons

Synthetic Biomaterials from Metabolically Derived Synthons

Evolving Therapeutic Options for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview

Der Einfluß des Insulins auf den respiratorischen Stoffwechsel

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